Nervous System

Question 1

What system plays a role in consciousness, the awake/sleep cycle and sensory input filtering?

Answer 1

Reticular Activating System

Question 2

Most inferior part of the brain and connect seamlessly with the spinal cord. Contains fiber tracts, important heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing and vomiting.

Answer 2

Medulla Oblongata

Question 3

Pons meaning “________”

Answer 3

bridge

Question 4

It contains nuclei involved in controlling breathing.

Answer 4

Pons

Question 5

The brain stem consists…

Answer 5

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata

Question 6

It forms the roof of the third ventricle and includes the pineal gland, part of the endocrine system.

Answer 6

Epithalamus

Question 7

Responsible for producing Cerebrospinal Fluid

Answer 7

Choroid Plexuses/Choroid Plexus

Question 8

It is crucial for regulating body temperature, water balance, and metabolism. It also produces its own hormones

Answer 8

Hypothalamus

Question 9

It recognize whether a sensation is pleasant or unpleasant.

Answer 9

Thalamus

Question 10

It regulates voluntary motor activities by modifying instructions related to initiated or halting movement.

Answer 10

Basal Nuclei

Question 11

Connects the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 11

Corpus Callosum

Question 12

It is your fight or flight response

Answer 12

Sympathetic

Question 13

It forms a barrier between capillaries and neuron. It also help protect the neuron from harmful substance in the blood.

Answer 13

Astrocytes

Question 14

2 Types of Astrocytes

Answer 14

Protoplasmic Astrocyte
Fibrous Astrocyte

Question 15

It is basically a phagocyte that defends the CNS cells

Answer 15

Microglia Cells

Question 16

It’s cilia helps circulate the CSF to fill the cavities and acts as a protective cushion around the CNS

Answer 16

Ependymal Cells

Question 17

Forms Myelin sheath in the CNS

Answer 17

Oligodendrocytes

Question 18

Forms the myelin sheath on the PNS

Answer 18

Schwann Cells

Question 19

In the CNS:
_____: cluster of cell bodies
_____: cluster of nerve fibers or nerve processes

Answer 19

Nuclei
Tracts

Question 20

Nerve Impulses:

it has the ability to respond to stimuli and convert them into nerve impulses

Answer 20

Irritability

Question 21

Nerve Impulses:

it has the ability to transmit the nerve impulses to the neurons, muscles or glands

Answer 21

Conductivity

Question 22

Steps for nerve impulse

Answer 22

1.) Resting membrane is polarized
2.) Stimulus initiate local depolarization
3.) Depolarization and generation of an action potential
4.) Propagation of Action potential
5.) Repolarization

Question 23

4 major regions of the brain

Answer 23

Cerebral Hemisphere, Brain Stem, Cerebellum, Diencephalon

Question 24

Responsible for vital functions of life such as breathing, consciousness heart rate and sleep,

Answer 24

Brain Stem

Question 25

Maintaining balance

Answer 25

Cerebellum

Question 26

Coordinate with the endocrine system to release hormones

Answer 26

Diencephalon

Question 27

Controls muscle functions, thought, emotions, reading and writing

Answer 27

Cerebral Hemisphere

Question 28

Protection of the CNS

Answer 28

Meninges

Question 29

Layers of the Meninges

Answer 29

Skull Epidural Space Dura Mater Subdural Space Arachnoid Mater Subarachnoid Space Pia Mater

Question 30

A clear watery fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord

Answer 30

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 31

Normally, CSF is produced and drained at constant rate, maintaining normal pressure and volume. Amount of volume is..?

Answer 31

150ml

Question 32

It has a cylindrical structure that extends from the foramen magnum to the first or second lumbar vertebra in the lower back.

Answer 32

Spinal Cord

Question 33

The spinal cord is approximately…

Answer 33

17 inches or 42 cm in an average adult

Question 34

The spinal cord begins and ends where?

Answer 34

Begins at the foramen magnum at the base of the skull to the first or second lumbar vertebra in the lower back

Question 35

How many pairs of spinal nerve arises from the spinal cord and exit the vertebral column

Answer 35

31 Pairs

Question 36

Spinal nerves continue as a collection of nerve roots resembling a horse’s tail, known as the

Answer 36

Cauda equina

Question 37

PNS Covers each nerve fiber

Answer 37

Endoneurium

Question 38

cover a group of nerve fibers called fascicles

Answer 38

perineuriumn

Question 39

covers all the fascicle

Answer 39

epineurium

Question 40

Classification of Nerves in the PNS

Answer 40

Mixed Nerves Sensory (Afferent) Motor (Efferent)

Question 41

CRANIAL NERVES: Carries impulses for the sense of smell

Answer 41

Olfactory

Question 42

CRANIAL NERVES: Carries impulses for vision

Answer 42

Optic

Question 43

Supplies motor fibers to 4 pf the 6 muscles that direct the eye

Answer 43

Oculomotor

Question 44

Supplies motor fibers for one external eye muscle (Superior Oblique)

Answer 44

Trochlear

Question 45

Conducts sensory impulses from the skin of the face

Answer 45

Trigeminal

Question 46

controls the involuntary bodily function such as heart rate, digestion snd respiration

Answer 46

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 47

Pupil Constriction Stimulation Saliva Dilated Pupils Constrict Bronchi Inhibit Salivation

Answer 47

Parasympathetic Parasympathetic Sympathetic Parasympathetic Sympathetic

Question 48

Slow Heart Rate Relaxes Bronchi Increases Heart beat Slow heartbeat stimulate production of bile

Answer 48

Parasympathetic Sympathetic sympathetic Parasympathetic Parasympathetic