Nervous system Flashcards
(57 cards)
Functions of the nervous system
Sensory input, Integration, Controls of muscles and glands, Homeostasis, Center for mental activities.
detects external and internal stimuli
sensory input
processes and responds to sensory input
integration
___ is maintained by regulating other systems
Homeostasis
Two anatomical divisions of the nervous system
Central nervous system(CNS), Peripheral Nervous System(PNS)
Detects stimuli and transmits information TO the CNS and receives information FROM the CNS
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
processes, integrates, stores, and responds information FROM the PNS
Central nervous system (CNS)
PNS has two divisions
Sensory division and Motor division
TRANSMITS action potentials FROM sensory receptors TO the CNS
Sensory division
CARRIES action potentials away FROM the CNS in cranial or spinal nerves
Motor division
innervervates skeletal muscle
Somatic nervous system
Innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands (three divisions)
Autonomic nervous system
three divisions of autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, and Enteric division
is most active during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Sympathetic division
regulates RESTING FUNCTION
Parasympathetic division
controls the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Enteric nervous system
Two principal cell types
Neurons, Non-Neural cells (glial cells)
EXCITABLE cells that TRANSMITS electrical signal
Neurons
cells that SORROUND neurons. Account for over half the brains weight
Non-Neural Cells (glial cells)
Neurons have three compartments
cell body (soma), Dendrites, and Axon.
primary site of protein synthesis
cell body (soma)
are short, branched cytoplasmic extensions of the cell body that usually CONDUCT electric signals toward the cell body
Dendrites
a CYTOPLASMIC extension of the cell body that TRANSMITS action potentials to OTHER CELLS
Axon
Clusters of cell bodies in the CNS are called
Nuclei
