Nervous System

Question 1

nervous system

Answer 1

network of nerves that transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs to control the ability to move, breathe, see, think, smell and more.

Question 2

main functions

Answer 2

1. Reception of general sensory information (touch, pressure, temperature, pain, vibration)
2. Receiving and perceiving special sensations (taste, smell, vision, sounds)
3. Integration of sensory information from different parts of the body and processing them
4. Response generation

Question 3

Neurons

Answer 3

specialized nerve cells that help you gather information about your environment, interpret the information, and react to it.

Question 4

Which muscle is controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 4

smooth and cardiac

Question 5

function of dendrites

Answer 5

Dendrites: pass signal on to the cell body through electrical impulses. chemical signal and converts it into an electrical signal

Question 6

Function of the axon

Answer 6

Axon: passes impulses on to the other neurons or muscles to the axon terminals

Question 7

Function of the myelin sheath

Answer 7

allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells

Question 8

Function of the axon terminal

Answer 8

transmit messages to other cells via use of neurotransmitters at synapses (end of axons). electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal and transmitted to the next neuron via neurotransmitters

Question 9

Type of neurons

Answer 9

motor neurons: transmit messages from the brain to the muscles to generate movement

Sensory neurons:

detect light, sound, odor, taste, pressure, and heat and send messages about those things to the brain.

Question 10

What are glial cells

Answer 10

“glue” support, protect and hold nerve cells in place–helping them to work the way they should

come in diff shapes, sizes and types–each performing specialized functions for CNS and PNS

Question 11

Satellite glial of the PNS

Answer 11

ganglia- cell body in PNS

Respond to neurotransmitters (optimize them) and also protect the ganglia in sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic.
often in sensory neurons, ganglia is in middle of body.

Question 12

Schwann glial PNS

Answer 12

Reflect the role of oligodendrocytes in the CNS. Myelinating the axons and modulating extracellualr fluid. Exception is that 1 schwann cell creates 1 myelinated region.

Question 13

Microglia in CNS

Answer 13

play immune role in nervous tissue immunity and inflammatory responses. regulate brain developement, maintenance and injury repair

Question 14

oligodendrocytes CNS

Answer 14

myelinate axon of neurons. repair and rrange myelin sheaths around neuron axons which act as insulations.

one oligodendrocyte cell is able to myelinate multiple regions of the neuron.

Question 15

ependymal cells CNS

Answer 15

produce cerobrospinal fluid CSF.

Question 16

CSF Cerobrospinal fluid

Answer 16

Act as fluid that flows in and around brain and spinal cord to help cushion them from injury and provide nutrients.

Question 17

Astrocytes CNS

Answer 17

BBB (Blood-brain-barrier) help maintain permability (quality), regulating flow.

Question 18

CNS

Answer 18

Sending and receiving messages to various parts of the body. (Controls thought, movement, emotion and other) made of the brain and spinal cord

Question 19

PNS

Answer 19

made up of nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to rest of the body. serving as a relay between the CNS and the limbs and organs.

Question 20

Brain

Answer 20

Control center of the entire body.
Divided into the berebrum, cerebellum and brain stem.

Controls thought, learning, memory, language, speech, voluntary body movements and sensory proception.

Question 21

Spinal cord

Answer 21

• nerve column that extends from the brain to the lower back.
• Protected by the vertebrae
• processes reflexes (allowing u to control movements)

Question 22

Somatic nervous system

Answer 22

Subdivison of the PNS
- Allows u to move and control muscles throughout body.
- Voluntary movements and reflexes
-Somatic nerves relay info from external sensory receptors (cells/tissues that receive input from external environment) to CNS
- motor nerves relay info from CNS to skeletal muscles

Question 23

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 23

• Involuntary movements
• carries impulses from CNS to heart and other internal organs
• regulates body processes like blood pressure and rate of breathing

Question 24

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 24

Part of the autonomic nervous system (helps control body’s response during times of rest)
most active when relaxed

Question 25

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 25

Part of autonomic nervous system helps respond in dangerous or stressful situations. Activates speed of heart rate, delivering more blood to areas of body that need more oxygen to help get out danger (flight or fight)