Nervous system

Question 1

What is the Nervous System?

Answer 1

The nervous system is the organised network of nerve tissue in the body.

Question 2

What are the two divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 2

The central nervous system and the Peripheral nervous system

Question 3

What does the Central nervous system consist of and do?

Answer 3

It consists of the brain and spinal cord. It receives messages from the sense organs and co-ordinates response by using the muscles and glands

Question 4

What does the Peripheral nervous system consist of and do?

Answer 4

It is spread throughout the entire body and has a network of nerves sending sensory message to the brain and other messages ‘back’

Question 5

CNS

Answer 5

Central Nervous System
Controls voluntary (speech + walking) and involuntary (Blinking and breathing) movements, it also controls our thoughts, perceptions, emotions and memory.

Question 6

Neurons and Nerve impulses

Answer 6

Nerve cells (Neurons) carry electrical impulses (Nerve impulses) at high speed in 1 direction

Question 7

What does the nerve cells structure consist of?

Answer 7

1. The cell body, nucleus controls
2. Dendrites, connect other cells
3. The axon, nerve impulse in one direction covered in myelin sheath which insulates and increase the speed of impulse,

Question 8

How does a message get transmitted by a nerve cell?

Answer 8

An electrical signal travels down the neuron and the signal crosses synapse when chemicals (neurotransmitters) travel across the space between 2 neurons and attach to receptors on the other side.

Question 9

What are the steps to transmitting a message?

Answer 9

1. Electrical impulse=action potential) arrives at synapse
2. Neurotransmitters released
3. They bind to receptors on next cell
4. This causes new action potential
5. Neurotransmitter goes back to original cell

Question 10

What is a receptor?

Answer 10

Cells that allow us to detect different types of stimuli. For example, olfactory receptor cells are located in the nose to detect odour molecules in the air.

Question 11

Chemoreceptors

Answer 11

Odour molecules in the air-taste, smell

Question 12

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 12

Sensitive to touch, sound and pressure

Question 13

Pain Receptors

Answer 13

Chemical changes to damaged cells

Question 14

Thermoceptors

Answer 14

Sensitive to temperature

Question 15

Photoceptors

Answer 15

Sensitive to light and sound

Question 16

Reflex Action

Answer 16

Rapid and involuntary response to a stimulus, resulting from a simple pathway called a reflex arc. It does not involve the brain, instead sensory information is directly relayed to motor neurons through the spine-faster response.