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nervous system Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

A

To coordinate and control the body’s responses to internal and external stimuli.

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2
Q

True or False: The nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The central nervous system consists of the ______ and the ______.

A

brain; spinal cord

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4
Q

What is the role of neurons in the nervous system?

A

To transmit signals throughout the body.

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5
Q

Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?

A

Cerebellum

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6
Q

Multiple choice: What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?

A

To control involuntary bodily functions.

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7
Q

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic.

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8
Q

True or False: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for ‘rest and digest’ activities.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

A

To insulate axons and speed up signal transmission.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ are the cells that support and protect neurons.

A

Glial cells

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11
Q

What is the synapse?

A

The junction between two neurons where communication occurs.

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12
Q

Multiple choice: Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in muscle contraction?

A

Acetylcholine

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13
Q

What is a reflex arc?

A

A neural pathway that controls a reflex action.

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14
Q

True or False: The brain is responsible for processing sensory information.

A

True

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ lobe of the brain is responsible for vision.

A

occipital

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16
Q

What part of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary muscle movements?

A

Somatic nervous system

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17
Q

Multiple choice: Which structure connects the brain to the spinal cord?

A

Brainstem

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18
Q

What is the role of the spinal cord?

A

To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

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19
Q

True or False: The peripheral nervous system includes cranial and spinal nerves.

A

True

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ nervous system is responsible for the body’s ‘fight or flight’ response.

A

sympathetic

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21
Q

What is the function of sensory neurons?

A

To carry signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system.

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22
Q

Multiple choice: Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

A

Dendrites

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23
Q

What is the role of the hypothalamus?

A

To regulate homeostasis and control the endocrine system.

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24
Q

True or False: The limbic system is involved in emotions and memory.

A

True

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25
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the largest part of the human brain.
cerebrum
26
What is neuroplasticity?
The ability of the brain to change and adapt in response to experience.
27
Multiple choice: Which structure is primarily involved in regulating sleep?
Pineal gland
28
What is the function of the thalamus?
To relay sensory information to the appropriate areas of the brain.
29
True or False: The brain uses about 20% of the body's total energy.
True
30
Fill in the blank: The ______ nervous system controls voluntary movements.
somatic
31
What is the primary role of the cerebellum?
To coordinate muscle movements and maintain posture.
32
Multiple choice: Which type of glial cell is responsible for myelination in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocytes
33
What is the primary function of the frontal lobe?
To control higher cognitive functions such as reasoning and decision-making.
34
True or False: The medulla oblongata regulates heartbeat and breathing.
True
35
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the outer layer of the brain.
cortex
36
What is the main function of the parietal lobe?
To process sensory information such as touch and temperature.
37
Multiple choice: Which neurotransmitter is linked to mood regulation?
Serotonin
38
What is the role of the corpus callosum?
To connect the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
39
True or False: The autonomic nervous system is under conscious control.
False
40
Fill in the blank: ______ neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles.
Motor
41
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
To regulate voluntary motor movements and procedural learning.
42
Multiple choice: Which type of brain wave is associated with deep sleep?
Delta waves
43
What is the function of the amygdala?
To process emotions, particularly fear and pleasure.
44
True or False: The brain can regenerate neurons throughout a person's life.
False
45
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a network of neurons that regulates sleep-wake cycles.
reticular formation
46
What is the primary role of the occipital lobe?
To process visual information.
47
Multiple choice: Which part of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control?
Somatic nervous system
48
What is the role of endorphins?
To act as natural painkillers and mood enhancers.
49
True or False: The nervous system can adapt to changes in the environment.
True
50
Fill in the blank: The ______ lobe is responsible for processing auditory information.
temporal
51
What is the function of the insula?
To process bodily sensations and emotional responses.
52
Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is involved in forming new memories?
Hippocampus
53
What is the primary function of the peripheral nervous system?
To connect the central nervous system to the limbs and organs.
54
True or False: Glial cells outnumber neurons in the brain.
True
55
Fill in the blank: The ______ is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements.
cerebellum
56
What is the role of the neuroglia?
To support and protect neurons.
57
Multiple choice: Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in reward and pleasure?
Dopamine
58
What is the function of the prefrontal cortex?
To manage complex cognitive behavior, decision making, and social behavior.
59
True or False: The brainstem controls reflexes and involuntary actions.
True
60
Fill in the blank: The ______ system is involved in the regulation of emotions and memory.
limbic
61
What is the primary role of the thalamus?
To act as a relay station for sensory information.
62
Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is involved in language processing?
Broca's area
63
What is the role of the pituitary gland?
To release hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
64
True or False: The nervous system is responsible for maintaining homeostasis.
True
65
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the part of the neuron that sends signals.
axon
66
What is the function of the brain's right hemisphere?
To control the left side of the body and manage creative tasks.
67
Multiple choice: Which type of glial cell helps maintain the blood-brain barrier?
Astrocytes
68
What is the primary function of the left hemisphere of the brain?
To control the right side of the body and manage logical tasks.
69
True or False: The cerebellum is involved in higher cognitive functions.
False
70
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a protective covering for the brain and spinal cord.
meninges
71
What is the function of the somatic nervous system?
To control voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.
72
Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for decision-making?
Prefrontal cortex
73
What is the role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
To link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
74
True or False: The left hemisphere is typically associated with creative tasks.
False
75
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the part of the brain that regulates hunger and thirst.
hypothalamus
76
What is the primary function of the brain's limbic system?
To regulate emotions and memory.
77
Multiple choice: Which brain structure is responsible for regulating sleep?
Hypothalamus
78
What is the role of the spinal cord in reflex actions?
To process reflexes without involving the brain.
79
True or False: Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across synapses.
True
80
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the primary site of sensory processing in the brain.
thalamus
81
What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
To coordinate voluntary movements and maintain posture.
82
Multiple choice: Which structure is involved in the formation of new memories?
Hippocampus
83
What is the role of the brain's frontal lobe?
To control reasoning, planning, and problem-solving.
84
True or False: The medulla oblongata is part of the forebrain.
False
85
Fill in the blank: The ______ system controls involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion.
autonomic
86
What is the function of the pituitary gland?
To secrete hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
87
Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is responsible for processing auditory information?
Temporal lobe
88
True or False: The right hemisphere of the brain controls the left side of the body.
True
89
Fill in the blank: The ______ is responsible for the body's 'rest and digest' response.
parasympathetic nervous system
90
What is the function of the sensory cortex?
To process sensory information from the body.
91
Multiple choice: Which neurotransmitter is involved in mood regulation?
Serotonin
92
What is the primary function of the spinal cord?
To transmit signals between the brain and the body.
93
True or False: The cerebellum is involved in emotional regulation.
False
94
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the main relay center for sensory information in the brain.
thalamus
95
What is the role of astrocytes in the nervous system?
To support neurons and maintain the blood-brain barrier.

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