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Nervous system Flashcards

(70 cards)

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0
Q

Peripheral NS division

A

Somatic, autonomic

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1
Q

Central NS anatomical

A

Brain and spinal

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2
Q

Autonomic divisions

A

Sympathetic division

Parasympathetic division

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3
Q

Afferent division

A

Send info to CNS. Sensory receptors on cells

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4
Q

Efferent division

A

Transmits info from CNS sent back to organs

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5
Q

Somatic nerves

A

Innervate skeletal muscles voluntary

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6
Q

Visceral nerves

A

Inner ate glands, smooth and cardiac muscle involuntary

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7
Q

Soma

A

Cell body, processing center

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8
Q

Dendrites

A

Receivers of signals from body

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9
Q

Axon

A

Senders of outgoing messages from CNS to body

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10
Q

Perikaryon

A

Cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus

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11
Q

Neurofilaments and neurotubules

A

Extend into dendrites for support of the cell

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12
Q

Nissel bodies

A

RER, gives brain its overall gray color

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13
Q

Axoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of the axon

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14
Q

Stolen a

A

Membrane of the axon

  • complicated with lots of gates
  • phospholipid bilayer
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15
Q

Axon hillock

A

Where the axon joins with soma

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16
Q

Collaterals

A

Branching of axon

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17
Q

Telodendria

A

Ending of collaterals

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18
Q

Synapse

A

A spot where a neuron meets another cell

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19
Q

Presynaptic cell

A

Sends the a.p. Thru its axon, neurotransmitters, released, a neuron

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20
Q

Post synaptic

A

Bonds the neurotransmitter, could be another neuron, a muscle cell, a gland cell

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21
Q

Axoplasmic transport

A

Need to move materials along axon

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22
Q

Movement can be: axo

A

Fast stream or slow stream

Anterograde or retrograde

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23
Q

Rabies

A

Viral infection

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24
What happens when you get bitten by a wild raccoon
Rabies virus gets into your peripheral nerves | It travels from PNS to CNS by retrograde flow
25
Axaxonic
No real distinction between dendrite and axon, tiny, unsure of functions
26
Unipolar
Dendrite and axon fused. Soma off to the side, sensory neurons in PNS m, longest axons- tips of toes to spinal cord
27
Bipolar
One very branched dendrite, one long axon, cell body inbetween, act as receptor cells, retina in eye and olfactory mucosa, smaller than uni and multi
28
Multipolar
2 or more dendrites and one axon, most common neuronal type in CNS, motor neurons
29
Sciatic nerve
Longest cell in human body, tips of toes to spinal cord
30
What gives the brain its what appearance
Myelinated axons
31
Brain tumors
Neurons do not divide- no mitosis due to lack of centrioles
32
Heavy metal poisoning
Makes you go crazy
33
Lead
Comes from the Roman Empire
34
Mercury
Issac Newton and mad hatter | Birth defects from mercury in fish consumed during pregnancy
35
Diphtheria
Contaminated water Toxin attacks Schwann cells in PNS Injuries kidneys, lungs, adrenals Vaccines exist
36
Multiple sclerosis
Hits in 30s Myelin hardens, forms sclerotic patches Common to optic nerve, brain, and spinal cord Episodic and progressive More common if live in collar and temperate climates
37
Giuliain-Burre
Lose control of limbs, then trunk Immune response after a viral infection Reversible demyelination
38
Resting potential of thyroid
-50 Mac
39
What's the neuron's resting potentials
-70mV
40
How do we maintain unequal charge
Channels
41
Sensory movement
Afferent divisions of PNS | 10 plus million
42
Visceral sensory neuron's
Collect info about internal body environment
43
Somatic sensory neuron's
Collect info, about external environment and body movement
44
Exterceptors
Monitor touch pressure temp sight smell and hearing
45
Proprioceptors
Monitor joints and muscles
46
Interceptors
Monitor digestion urinary reproductive pain taste
47
Motor neurons
Efferent division of PNS | Send directions from CNS to muscle and glands
48
Visceral motor neurons
Smooth muscle Cardiac, glands, fat
49
Somatic motor neuron
Skeletal
50
Interneurons
Most located in CNS | 20 billion in body
51
Association cells
The middle men A) distribute sensory info B) coordinate motor signals
52
Astrocytes
Most numerous in CNS Directs growth of neurons Compose BBB
53
Ependymal cells
Make and circulate CSF
54
Oligodendrocytes
Myelinated the CNS making internodes
55
Gaps in myelin called
Modes of Ranvier
56
Microglia
Police force of CNS
57
Satellite cell
Monitor environment of cell Like A strictest in CNS by function
58
Schwann cells
Myelinate axons in PNS | Act like Oligos in CNS
59
Leak channels
Passive, always open, maintains resting potential
60
Gated channels
Active, open in response to stimulus changes the resting potentials= depolarize depolarizers the cell
61
Interneurons
Most located in CNS | 20 billion in body
62
Association cells
The middle men A) distribute sensory info B) coordinate motor signals
63
Astrocytes
Most numerous in CNS Directs growth of neurons Compose BBB
64
Ependymal cells
Make and circulate CSF
65
Oligodendrocytes
Myelinated the CNS making internodes
66
Gaps in myelin called
Modes of Ranvier
67
Microglia
Police force of CNS
68
Satellite cell
Monitor environment of cell Like A strictest in CNS by function
69
Schwann cells
Myelinate axons in PNS | Act like Oligos in CNS

Anatomy (14 decks)

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