Nervous system

Question 1

Neural tube

Answer 1

hollow tube running on the dorsal surface of embryo

Question 2

Embryo rostral side

Answer 2

turns into brain

Question 3

embryo caudal side

Answer 3

turns into spinal cord

Question 4

Why is neural tube hollow

Answer 4

gives rise to ventricles

Question 5

2 general cells of nervous tissue

Answer 5

neurons and glial cells

Question 6

Neurons

Answer 6

functional cells of NS, generate and propagate electrical signals

Question 7

Types of neurons based on info carries

Answer 7

sensory, motor, interneuron

Question 8

Types of neurons based on shape

Answer 8

unipolar, bipolar, multipolar

Question 9

Multipolar neuron carries…

Answer 9

motor info

Question 10

unipolar neurons carry…

Answer 10

sensory info

Question 11

bipolar neurons carry…

Answer 11

sensory info (visual and auditory)

Question 12

Glia

Answer 12

supporting cells of nervous tissue; ensures the environment around the neuron supports its function; 4 in CNS; 2 in PNS

Question 13

astrocytes

Answer 13

blood brain barrie by controlling ions and monitoring neurotransmitters; CNS

Question 14

oligodendrocytes

Answer 14

support axon, secrete militated sheaths; CNS

Question 15

ependymal cells

Answer 15

control and secrete CSF; CNS

Question 16

microglia

Answer 16

phagocytes, protection; CNS

Question 17

Schwann cells

Answer 17

secrete mylinated sheath; PNS

Question 18

satellite cells

Answer 18

regulate the exchange of nutrients and waste products; isolate the neuron stimuli; PNS

Question 19

diencephalon consists of

Answer 19

three paired structures

Question 20

hypothalamus and thalamus consist of

Answer 20

several discrete nuclei

Question 21

pituitary gland

Answer 21

hypophysis; functionally separated into anterior and posterior pituitary glands

Question 22

anterior pituitary gland

Answer 22

adenohypophysis

Question 23

posterior pituitary gland

Answer 23

neurohypophysis

Question 24

brainstem consists of…

Answer 24

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 25

protection for the brain

Answer 25

cranium, meninges, fluid cushion (CSF)

Question 26

Meninges are made of

Answer 26

CT

Question 27

CSF

Answer 27

clear liquid containing glucose, proteins, cations, ions

Question 28

Venous drainage

Answer 28

veins of brain drain into various dural sinuses, which eventually drain into the internal jugular veins

Question 29

Lumbar punctures are done

Answer 29

below L1, usually L3-L4 or L4-L5

Question 30

Nerve plexus

Answer 30

the ventral rami of spinal nerves unite and mix ; not T2-T12

Question 31

Brachial plexus gives rise to other important nerves

Answer 31

dorsal scapular, long thoracic, subscapular, thoracodorsal, suprascapular, medial and lateral branches of pectoral

Question 32

regions of ear

Answer 32

outer, middle, inner

Question 33

middle ear is....

Answer 33

tympanic cavity, an air filled cavity lined with mucous membrane, located in the petrous region of temporal bone

Question 34

inner ear is..

Answer 34

labyrinth

Question 35

inner ear consists of...

Answer 35

bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth

Question 36

bony labyrinth

Answer 36

series of cavities within the petrous region

Question 37

membranous labyrinth

Answer 37

series of membranous sacs and ducts contained within the bony labyrinth

Question 38

endolymph

Answer 38

fill bony and membrane labyrinth

Question 39

perilymph

Answer 39

fills the space between the membranous and bony labyrinth