Nervous System

Question 1

Outline the nervous system.

Answer 1

Contains 7 segments-
1. The nervous system
Split into the CNS and PNS
PNS is split into the ANS and the somatic nervous system.
ANS is split into sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 2

What is the CNS made up of?

Answer 2

Brain

Spinal cord

Question 3

What is the PNS and what does it do?

Answer 3

PNS is made up of neurones that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

Question 4

What is the ANS and what does it do?

Answer 4

In the PNS, Controls unconscious activities e.g.- digestion. Has 2 divisions.

Question 5

What is the somatic nervous system and what does it do?

Answer 5

Under PNS, controls conscious activities such as running. Connects the CNS with the senses.

Question 6

What does the sympathetic nervous system do and what is it?

Answer 6

Part of the ANS, gets the body ready for action- fight or flight

Question 7

Outline neurone transmissions within the boys.

Answer 7

1. Transmits through electrical impulses.
2. DENDRITES receive the information from other neurones.
3. Information passes along the AXON in impulses that end at a SYNAPTIC KNOB.
4. NEUROTRANSMITTERS pass through the SYNAPTIC GAP.
5. neurotransmitters end up at other dendrites and go on to the next neurone.

Question 8

What are electrical impulses also know as?

Answer 8

Nerve impulses.

Question 9

What can affect neurotransmitters?

Answer 9

Diet
Exercise
Drugs

Question 10

How can neurotransmitters be manipulated

Answer 10

Medications

Question 11

What happens with sensory neurones?

Answer 11

Nerve cells that transmit electrical impulses from receptors are communicated to the CNS.

Question 12

What happens with relay neurones?

Answer 12

Nerve cells transmit electrical Impulses between sensory neurones and motor neurones.

Question 13

What happens with motor neurones?

Answer 13

The nerve cells transmit electrical impulses from the CNS to effectors

Question 14

Outline the transmission of information to and from the CNS.

Answer 14

Stimulus ->
Receptors ->
CNS ->
Effectors ->
Response

Question 15

What is a synapse?

Answer 15

A junction between a neurone and the next cell.

Question 16

Outline what is in synaptic transmission.

Answer 16

• The synaptic knob contains vesicles that are filled with neurotransmitters.
• when an electrical impulse reaches the end of an axon, it triggers an electrical impulse that causes muscle contraction, or cause a hormone to be secreted.
• end up inhibitory or excitatory.

Question 17

What does excitatory mean?

Answer 17

Increases the likelihood that an electrical impulse will trigger in the postsynaptic neurone.

Question 18

What does inhibitory mean?

Answer 18

Decreases the likelihood that an electrical impulse will be triggered in the postsynaptic neurone.

Question 19

Give 5 common types of neurotransmitters associated with human behaviour, in psychology.

Answer 19

Acetylcholine
Dopamine 
Noradrenaline 
Serotonin 
GABA

Question 20

What is acetylcholine?

Answer 20

An EXCITATORY neurotransmitter that is involved in VOLUNTARY movement, memory, learning and sleep. Too MUCH is linked to depression while too LITTLE is linked to Dementia.

Question 21

What is dopamine?

Answer 21

Neurotransmitter that helps with movement, attention and learning. Too MUCH is linked to schizophrenia, too LITTLE could result in depression and Parkinson’s

Question 22

What is noradrenaline?

Answer 22

Closely related to adrenaline, often associated with FIGHT or FLIGHT, too MUCH is linked to schizophrenia and too LITTLE may result in depression.

Question 23

What is serotonin?

Answer 23

Involved in emotion, mood, sleeping and eating. Too LITTLE is linked to depression.

Question 24

What is the GABA neurotransmitter?

Answer 24

An inhibitory neurotransmitter, too LITTLE is linked to anxiety disorders.