Nervous System And Neurons

Question 1

What are the 2 components of the nervous system

Answer 1

Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system

Question 2

What does the Central nervous system consist of

Answer 2

Brain and Spinal cord

Question 3

What are the 2 components of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 3

Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

Question 4

What components branch off of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 4

Sympathetic NS and Parasympathetic NS

Question 5

What is the role of the central nervous system

Answer 5

1. Receive and process sensory information

2. Initiate a response

Question 6

What is the role of the brain?

Answer 6

Regulates, receives and responds

Question 7

What is the role of the spinal cord?

Answer 7

1. Coordinates reflexes
2. Communication between the brain and peripheral nervous system.
3. Sends sensory info to the brain and sends motor info to the body

Question 8

What is the role of the somatic nervous system

Answer 8

1. Controls skeletal muscles
2. Controls sensory (Afferent) info
3. Carries motor (efferent) info

Question 9

What is the role of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 9

Links central nervous system to other parts of the body

Question 10

What is the role of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 10

Create automatic/self regulatory reactions to stimuli

Question 11

What is the role of the sympathetic NS?

Answer 11

Readies the body for danger

Question 12

What is the role of the parasympathetic NS?

Answer 12

To calm the body and maintain homeostasis

Question 13

What are 3 main components of a conscious response to a stimuli?

Answer 13

• awareness
• attention
• voluntary
• purposeful
• complex
• brain
• can be learnt and controlled

Question 14

What are 3 main components of an unconscious response to a stimuli?

Answer 14

• no awareness
• no attention
• involuntary
• reflexive/automatic
• don’t require learning
• spinal cord
• lack of control
• occur similarly each time

Question 15

What are the 3 types of neurons?

Answer 15

AFFERENT
EFFERENT
Interneuron

Question 16

What is the role of an AFFERENT neuron?

Answer 16

Respond to sensory receptors and carry the message to the CNS

Question 17

What is the role of EFFERENT neurons?

Answer 17

Transmit info from the CNS along motor pathways to enable specific muscles

Question 18

What is the role of the interneuron?

Answer 18

Connects efferent and afferent neurons at the brain

Question 19

What is one advantage of a spinal reflex?

Answer 19

• quicker response time

- less damage

Question 20

What is the role of a neuron?

Answer 20

To transmit neural info between neurons

Question 21

What is the role of a dendrite?

Answer 21

Receive info from other neurons

Question 22

What is the role of an axon?

Answer 22

Carries action potential

Question 23

What is the role of a myelin

Answer 23

Helps with transmission of nerve impulses

Question 24

What is the role of the axon terminal?

Answer 24

Release NT’s at the end of an axon

Question 25

What are the 6 key components of a neuron?

Answer 25

``` Cell body (soma) Dendrites Axon Myelin sheath Terminal buttons Dendrites ```

Question 26

What is the key in the lock and key process

Answer 26

Neurotransmitters

Question 27

What is the lock in the lock and key process

Answer 27

Receptor sites

Question 28

What is the lock and key process

Answer 28

To bind neurotransmitters to a receptor site in order to cause the post synaptic neuron to fire

Question 29

What are the 4 steps in the lock and key process?

Answer 29

1. Pre synaptic neuron releases axon potential through the axon 2. NT's are released by terminal buttons into the synaptic gap 3. NT's bind with receptor sites in post synaptic neuron 4. Post synaptic neuron is more likely to fire

Question 30

What is the role of an excitatory neurotransmitter?

Answer 30

Stimulates the post synaptic neuron making it more likely to fire

Question 31

What is the role of an inhibitory NT?

Answer 31

Makes the post synaptic neuron less likely to fire

Question 32

What is an example of an inhibitory NT?

Answer 32

GABA | Dopamine

Question 33

What is an example of an excitatory neurotransmitter?

Answer 33

Glutamate

Question 34

What is Parkinson's disease?

Answer 34

A CNS neurodegenerative disorder

Question 35

What does Parkinson's disease cause?

Answer 35

Lack of dopamine producing neurons.

Question 36

Which part of the brain does Parkinson's disease impact?

Answer 36

The substantia nigra

Question 37

What are 3 symptoms of Parkinson's disease?

Answer 37

``` Tremors Muscle rigidity Postural instability Loss of sense of smell Impaired cognitive functions ```

Question 38

Are there Parkinson's treatments?

Answer 38

Levodopa and dopamine agonists

Question 39

What can occur from an abnormal level of dopamine

Answer 39

parkinson's disease

Question 40

What can occur due to abnormal levels of GABA

Answer 40

Anxiety

Question 41

What can occur due to abnormal levels of glutamate

Answer 41

Lack of concentration | Mental exhaustion