nervous system and stress

Question 1

What is a neuro transmitter?

Answer 1

A chemical substance that carries information between neurons

Question 2

Define stress

Answer 2

A psychobiological process by which we enter a state of both physiological and psychological arousal
- a response to when we believe something exceeds our ability to cope

Question 3

What is the fight - flight - freeze response

Question 4

Functions of cortisol

Question 5

Explain the bidirectional relationship between the brain and gut

Question 6

Define context specific effectiveness

Question 7

Define coping flexibility

Question 8

Two main roles of the somatic NS

Answer 8

• Sends sensory messages received by sensory receptors in the body to the CNS
• sends motor messages from the CNS to the body under voluntary control

Question 9

Autonomic NS

Answer 9

Concerned with internal bodily functions not usually under our conscious, voluntary control

Question 10

Sympathetic NS

Answer 10

• Dominates when we are under threat
• Activates most internal muscles, organs and glands to deal with stress or when threatened.
• Releases adrenalin, increased heart rate, dilate pupils etc. Some functions are suppressed.

Question 11

Parasympathetic NS

Question 12

Difference between neurotransmitters and neuromodulators?

Question 13

Dopamine

Question 14

Serotonin

Question 15

GABA

Question 16

Glutamate

Question 17

Define synaptic plasticity

Question 18

Define LTP

Question 19

Define LTD

Question 20

Sprouting

Question 21

Rerouting

Question 22

Pruning

Question 23

What are the main processes in a spinal reflex?

Question 24

Explain the difference between afferent and efferent neurons

Question 25

Function of brain?

Question 26

Function of spinal chord?

Question 27

What is the role of the nervous system

Answer 27

1. Receive sensory info 2. Integrate and process info 3. coordinate appropriate responses

Question 28

What is the role of cortisol

Answer 28

Allows our body to remain in an aroused, highly alert state for long periods of time - boosts energy levels by increasing glucose levels - is anti-inflammatory - diverts energy from non-essential functions - increases alertness

Question 28

Define chronic stress

Question 28

Why is stress a psychobiological process?

Question 28

What is the GAS model of stress?

Answer 28

Used to explain the physiological response to stress.

Question 28

Define acute stress

Question 29

What is the Lazarus and Folkman transactional model of stress?

Answer 29

Involves the encounter between and an individual and their environment. A psychological model of stress where stress is judged based on

Question 30

What are effects of prolonged cortisol release?

Answer 30

It suppresses the immune system and can make you vulnerable to disease and illness

Question 31

Which neurotransmitter is involved in LTP?

Answer 31

glutamate

Question 32

Which neurotransmitter is involved in LTP?

Answer 32

Glutamate

Question 33

Define a stressor

Answer 33

A stimulus that causes or leads to a stress response

Question 34

Eustress

Answer 34

A positive psychological response to a stressor - increases alertness and energises

Question 35

Distress

Answer 35

A negative psychological response to a stressor - inhibits ability to perform and cope - occurs when we feel we have no control

Question 36

The vagus nerve