Nervous System (Exam 3)

Question 1

Main Parts of the CNS

Answer 1

Cerebrum(biggest)
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebellum

Question 2

3 Main developmental nervous system parts

Answer 2

Prosencephalon
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon

Question 3

Prosencephalon (differentiates into)

Answer 3

Telencephalon and diencephalon

Question 4

Mesencephalon (differentiates into)

Answer 4

mesencephalon

Question 5

Rhombencephalon

Answer 5

metencephalon and mylencephalon

Question 6

Transverse fissure

Answer 6

where cerebellum meets cerebrum

Question 7

Proencephalon, Mesencephalon, and Rhombencephalon. correspond to what areas respectively?

Answer 7

Forebrain, Midbrain, and hindbrain

Question 8

cephal

Answer 8

head

Question 9

Brainstem (consists of)

Answer 9

Midbrain, Pons, and medulla oblongata

Question 10

Surface foldings on the brain =

Answer 10

increase area, intelligence, thinking (not present in embryo)

Question 11

Ridges

Answer 11

gyri (gyrus s.)

Question 12

Grooves

Answer 12

sulci (sulcus s.)

Question 13

Longitudinal fissure

Answer 13

A very pronounced gyrus (deep) that divides left and right hemispheres

Question 14

Layers (gray and white matter)

Answer 14

Surface consists of Gray matter

Interior- white matter

Question 15

Gray matter (composition and characteristics)

Answer 15

nerve cell bodies, non-myelinated axons (and dendrites and glia)

Peripheral areas of cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex

also seen as collections of nerve cell bodies deep within white matter

Question 16

White Matter (composition and characteristics)

Answer 16

Myelinated axons (+ dendrites and glia)
fibers form bundles of tracts or commissaries; transmit infor
two lateral ventricles (produce/contain CSF)

Question 17

Corpus

Answer 17

body

Question 18

callosum

Answer 18

hard

Question 19

Cerebrum (characteristics)

Answer 19

connected internally via the corpus callosum
each hemisphere has a lateral ventricle that houses CSF
Each hemisphere has 5 Lobes

Question 20

5 Lobes within the Cerebrum

Answer 20

1. Frontal
2. Parietal
3. Temporal
4. Occipital
5. insula

Question 21

Frontal Lobe

Answer 21

Physical parameters (central sulcus to lateral sulcus)

• pre-central gyrus- contains the primary motor cortex
• higher intellectual fans and personality
• many pyramidal cells
• motor speech area (Broca’s area)-left hemisphere (physical aspect of speech)

Question 22

Parietal Lobe

Answer 22

Location: under parietal bone
post central gyrus- contains primary somatosensory cortex (touch, pressure, pain, and temperature receptors.

Wernike’s area left hemisphere- (part of this is also in temporal lobe)

many association areas are adjacent- 10 somatosensory and motor cortices process/integrate data and coordinate responses

Question 23

Temporal Lobe

Answer 23

auditory and olfactory interpretations and storages of experiences

-part of wernike’s area (left side) mental aspects of speech and words.

Question 24

Occipital Lobe

Answer 24

less distinct lobe

visual processing and visual memory

Question 25

Insula (2) L and R

Answer 25

deep; work with memory gustatory interpretation gustatory=taste

Question 26

Mapping of sensory/function: homunculus

Answer 26

size of brain area is NOT correlated with the size of the body area that it controls

Question 27

Cerebral/Hemispheric Lateralization

Answer 27

specialization of each hemisphere for different tasks

Question 28

Representational Hemisphere

Answer 28

usually right | visual- spacial

Question 29

Categorical hemisphere

Answer 29

left brain wernikes and motor speech area (analytical, science, math, music) May be reversed especially if left handed appear the same; reflecting psychological differences and not anatomical

Question 30

Septum Pellucidum

Answer 30

partition between two lateral ventricles

Question 31

Diencephalon

Answer 31

aka Interbrain deep to cerebrum Diencephalon + Cerebrum = Forebrain relay area (info come in and gets sorted (switchboard) (consists mostly of white matter and some gray) with deepest areas of cerebrum forms the limbic system Limbis= circular area (emotional brain- process/experience emotions)

Question 32

Diencephalon + Cerebrum

Answer 32

= Forebrain