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Nervous System / Musculoskeletal Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Which part of the spinal cord is involved in motor activities? Dorsal or Ventral?

A

Ventral

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2
Q

Which part of the spinal cord is involved in sensory activity? Dorsal or Ventral?

A

Dorsal

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3
Q

The basic unit of the nervous system is a nerve cell, also called a ________

A

Neuron

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4
Q

A neuron has small branches from it called _____, which are respectable for receiving chemical signals from other cells.

A

Dendrites

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5
Q

This part of a neuron interacts with dendrites of other nerve cells or structures like muscle.

A

Axon Terminal

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6
Q

The signal released by the axon terminal is _________ (chemical or electrical)

A

Chemical

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7
Q

The signal transmitted through the axon is ________ (chemical or electrical)

A

Electrical (through electrolytes like Na, K, Cl)

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8
Q

________ are motor neurons that begin in the motor region of the cerebral cortex / brain stem and carries motor information down to lower motor neurons

A

Upper Motor Neurons

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9
Q

Damage to upper motor neurons leads to what type of paralysis? (Spastic or Flaccid)

A

Spastic

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10
Q

______ are motor neurons that begin in the anterior nerve roots or cranial nerves with motor function

A

Lower Motor Neurons

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11
Q

Damage to lower motor neurons leads to what type of paralysis? (Spastic or Flaccid)

A

Flaccid

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12
Q

The Nervous System is divided into what?

A

Peripheral NS and Central NS

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13
Q

The CNS is made up of ______ and ______

A

The Brain and Spinal Cord

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14
Q

The PNS can be subdivided into the ______ and _______.

A

Autonomic NS and Somatic NS

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15
Q

Which part of the PNS deals with involuntary control of the body?

A

Autonomic NS

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16
Q

Which part of the PNS controls voluntary actions?

A

Somatic Nervous System

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17
Q

The ANS divides into the ______ and ________.

A

Sympathetic NS and Parasympathetic NS

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18
Q

The function of this cranial nerve is smell.

A

I. Olfactory Nerve

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19
Q

Is the Olfactory Nerve sensory or motor?

A

Sensory (smell)

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20
Q

The function of this cranial nerve is sight.

A

II. Optic Nerve

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21
Q

Is the Optic Nerve function purely sensory, motor, or mixed?

A

Sensory (sight)

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22
Q

The function of this cranial nerve is eye movement, pupil constriction, and eyelid opening.

A

III. Oculomotor

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23
Q

Which cranial nerves are involved with the PNS?

A

III. Oculomotor (pupil constriction) , VII. Facial (salivation and lacrimation), IX. Glossopharyngeal Nerve (salivation), X. Vagus Nerve (Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Gastrointestinal function)

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24
Q

The function of this cranial nerve is eye movement (downward and medial rotation).

A

IV. Trochlear Nerve

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25
The function of this cranial nerve is moving the mastication muscles and feeling facial sensations.
V. Trigeminal Nerve
26
The Trigeminal Nerve is divided into what three divisions?
Ophthalmic (nose to vertex, including eye), Maxillary (upper lip, nostril, to temple), Mandibular (lower lip, jaw, ear)
27
The function of this cranial nerve is eye movement (lateral rictus muscle — lateral movement).
VI. Abducens Nerve
28
The function of this cranial nerve is facial movement, taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, lacrimation, salivation, and eyelid closing.
VII. Facial Nerve
29
The function of this cranial nerve is hearing and balance.
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
30
The function of this cranial nerve is taste in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue and the sensory aspect of gag reflex.
IX. Glossopharyngeal Nerve
31
The function of this nerve is taste to the epiglottis, swallowing, motor aspect of gage reflex, talking, coughing, and supplies signals via motor parasympathetic fibers to internal organs.
X. Vagus Nerve
32
Which two cranial nerves function swallowing and speech?
IX. Glossopharyngeal and X. Vagus Nerve
33
The function of this cranial nerve is head turning (sternocleidomastoid) and shrugging (trapezius).
XI. Accessory Nerve
34
The function of this cranial nerve is tongue movement.
XII. Hypoglossal Nerve
35
What is the Mnemonic for all 12 cranial nerves?
Oh, Oh Oh, to touch and feel very good vagina… ah.
36
Which cranial nerve deals with smell?
I. Olfactory
37
Which cranial nerve deals with vision?
II. Optic
38
Which three cranial nerves deal with eye movement?
III. Oculomotor, IV. Trochlear, VI. Abducens
39
Which cranial nerve is involved with general sensation of the face, sinuses, teeth, and moves the jaw muscles?
V. Trigeminal Nerve
40
Which cranial nerve is involved with both taste and face muscles?
VII. Facial Nerve
41
Which cranial nerve is involved in hearing and balance?
VIII. Vestibulocochlear (auditory)
42
Which facial nerve is involved in the throat and larynx muscles as well as taste?
IX. Glossopharyngeal Nerve
43
Which cranial nerve is functions with the internal organs?
X. Vagus Nerve
44
Which cranial nerve is involved with tongue movement?
XII. Hypoglossal
45
Which cranial nerve moves the muscles of the neck and upper back?
XI. Accessory
46
________ are areas of the skin that are supplied by a single spinal nerve.
Dermatomes
47
Which dermatome is at the level of the nipples (for men)?
T4
48
Which dermatome is at the level of the umbilicus?
T10
49
Which dermatome is at the level of the anterior knee?
L4
50
Which dermatome is at the posterior aspect of the knee, the popliteal fossa?
S2
51
Which dermatome is for the thumb area?
C6
52
Which dermatome is for the middle finger?
C7
53
Which dermatome is for the pinky?
C8
54
The medial malleolus is a part of what dermatome?
L4
55
The dorsal surface of the foot is a part of which dermatome?
L5
56
The lateral malleolus is a part of which dermatome?
S1
57
The major neurotransmitter of the PNS is _______
Acetylcholine
58
The major neurotransmitters of the SNS are _____
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
59
“Rest and Digest” — PNS or SNS?
Parasympathetic NS
60
“Fight or Flight” — PNS or SNS?
Sympathetic NS

BOARDS (12 decks)

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