Nervous Tissues Flashcards
(35 cards)
What are the two main types of cells in nervous tissue?
Neurons and glial cells.
What is the primary function of neurons?
To transmit electrical impulses.
What do glial cells do?
Support neurons, provide nutrients, and maintain homeostasis.
What structures make up a neuron?
Dendrites, cell body (soma), axon, and axon terminals.
What is the role of dendrites?
To receive signals from other neurons.
What is the role of the axon?
To carry nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Where is nervous tissue found?
Brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
What is the function of the nervous tissue?
Coordination, control, communication, and response to stimuli.
What is a synapse?
A specialized junction where neurons communicate via neurotransmitters.
What chemical do neurons secrete to transmit impulses?
Neurotransmitters.
What are the two main components of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
What structures are in the CNS?
Brain and spinal cord.
What structures are in the PNS?
Peripheral nerves throughout the body.
What are the three types of functional nerves?
Motor, sensory, and autonomic nerves.
What do motor nerves do?
Carry impulses from CNS to muscles.
What do sensory nerves do?
Carry sensory information from body to CNS.
What do autonomic nerves control?
Involuntary activities like heartbeat and digestion.
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
What does the sympathetic nervous system control?
“Fight or flight” responses.
What does the parasympathetic nervous system control?
Rest and digest functions.
How many cranial nerves are there?
12 pairs.
What is the function of cranial nerves?
Control smell, vision, facial and tongue movements.
What is an action potential?
A rapid change in electrical potential across a neuron’s membrane.
What are afferent neurons?
Sensory neurons that carry impulses to the CNS.
