Net+ Flashcards
0
Q
OUI
A
Organization Unique Identifier
First 6 hex #s on a MAC address
1
Q
OSI
A
Open System Interconnection
Seven layer model
2
Q
Device ID
A
Last 6 #s on a MAC address
3
Q
FCS
A
Frame Check Sequence
4
Q
CRC
A
Cyclic Redundancy Check
5
Q
Broadcast Address
A
ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff
6
Q
LLC
A
Logical link control
Makes up the frames
Erases frames not for it’s Mac
7
Q
CAM
A
Content Address Memory
Remembers MAC address for connected ports on a switch
8
Q
NOS
A
Network Operation System
Ability to join networks
9
Q
ACK
A
Aknologment of packets sent
10
Q
Netstat-a
A
Command that shows all sessions/ connections on a windows computer
11
Q
API
A
Application Program Interface
12
Q
TCP
A
Transmission Control Protocol
Connection orientated protocol
13
Q
UDP
A
User Datagram protocol
Fire and forget
14
Q
Model distortion
A
Only on multi mode
Signals sent at same time don’t arrive at same time
15
Q
Fiber connectors
A
ST
SC
LC-
16
Q
802.11
A
Wireless a-b-g-n
17
Q
802.3
A
Ethernet
802.3ab- 10 Giabit Ethernet
18
Q
CSMA/CD
A
Carrier sense multiple access/ collision detection
19
Q
STP
A
Spanning Tree Protocol
Eliminates bridging loops/ switch loops
20
Q
BPDU
A
Bridging Protocol Data Unit
Packet used in STP
21
Q
OSI level-1
A
Physical
Cabling/ wireless / Hubs
22
Q
OSI Level- 2
A
Data Link
MAC address
NIC - LLC,MAC
23
Q
OSI- Level-3
A
Network
IP address
Routers- packets
24
OSI- Level 4
Transport
Assembly / disassembly
25
OSI Level- 5
Session
Indicate, accept/ close
26
OSI- Level- 6
Presentation
Standardization of data/ least used
27
Application
Network aware API
OSI-level- 7
28
MT- RJ
Fiber small form factor connector
29
GBIC
Gigabit interface converter
Removable port on switch
30
SONET
= WAN fiber
See fiber standards 10baseSR +
31
MSA
Multi source agreement
Card on switch
Can change connectors
32
IDF
Intermediate Distribution Frame
33
MDF
Main Distribution Frame
34
Demarc
Connects internal to external networks
| Separation of responsibility
35
NIU
Network Interface Unit
| Home
36
Multiplexer
Fiber patch panel LAN side
37
Wire Map
Shows shorts and crossed wires
38
NEXT
Near End Crosstalk
39
FEXT
Far End Crosstalk
| - at the switch
40
Bonding or Link aggration
| LACP
Link Aggration Control Protocal
Combining multiple NICs
41
SPS
| UPS
Standby Power Supply
Uninterrupted Power Supply
42
Voltage event recorder
Tracks voltage over time
43
ICMP
Internet control message protocol
- PING
44
DSCP
Differentiated service Code Point
- Flag
45
DHCP
Scope of IPs to give out
Ports 67 68
BootP - old DHCP
46
Rout print
CMD:
| Shows routing table
47
Multihoming
Using more then one NIC
| For speed or back up
48
DOCSIS
Date Over Cable Service Interface specifications
| - cable modems / not Ethernet
49
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
50
basic NAT
network Address Translation
| -old way limited # of IPs
51
Dynamic NAT
Shared from a pool of IPs less then the # of CPUs
| -pooled NAT
52
PAT
Port address translation
- routers get 1 public IP
Used port #s to identify CPUs
53
SNAT
Static NAT
| - incoming data gets routes to a single machine
54
RIP
Uses Distance vector / hop count
For routing
Max 15 hops
Talks every 30sec
55
MTU
Maximum transmission Unit
1500 byts = 1 MTU
56
RIPv2
Allows for VLSM
| - variable length subnetting masking
57
BGP
Boarder Gateway Protocall
| Connects AS systems
58
AS
Automated systems
Doesn't use IP addresses
EGP- external gateway program
IGP - interior gateway protocols
59
OSPF
Open Shortest Path First
Creates best way to route packets
Uses LSAs
Convergence in seconds
60
LSA
Link State Advertisements
Routers communicate who's around them- OSPF
61
DR
Designated router
Athurative router
62
BDR
Backup designated router
In the backbone
63
NMS
Network management software
How routers talk
Allows admin to manage devices
64
Tracert
CMD: Shows path of packet
Unix/linx traceroute
MTR- lynix gives report takes longer
65
NTP
Network time Protocal
Synchronized clocks on routers
66
TFTP
Trivial file transfer protocol
Used on internal networks
67
IGMP
Internet group management protocol
| Sends data to select people
68
Well known ports
0-1023
69
Ephemeral/ registered ports
1024- 49151
70
Dynamic/ private port #s
49152-65535
71
IIS
Internet information services
Allows you to run a web server
72
Telnet
Allows access to remote clients
No security
Plane text
Port 23
73
SSH
Secure shell
Secure version of Telnet
Port# 22
74
TLS
Transport layer security
New version of SSL
Secure sockets layer
75
RSH
Remote shell
Scripting for Telnet
76
RCP
Remote copy protocol
Copy's files from remote server with out using FTP
77
TLD
Top level domain
Ex: . Com . Mil . Org...
78
Root is?
" . "
79
FQDN
Fully qualified domain name
80
Zone
A container that is filled with IPs and FQDNs
81
record
A line in a zone(folder) showing IP to FQDNS resolution
82
SOA
Start of authority
Authoritative DNS Server/ boss server
83
NS
Name server
Takes updates from SOA
84
NSlookup
CMD: shows your DNS server
85
BIND
Original DNS / Linux uses BIND
86
"A" record
Normal IP address to name .. Record
87
MX - record
Mail record
88
"AAAA"
For an ipv6 web address to name
89
Primary Zone
Holds all records A , AAAA, MX
90
Secondary zone
Backup DNS server
91
NetBios/ Netbui
Windows version of DNS
Now NetBios over TCP/IP works together
92
Samba
Let's non windows CPUs act like windows
93
SMB
Server message block
Ability to announce its name over a network - old
Same as CIFS now
94
CIFS
Common internet file system
Ability to announce its name over a network
95
Dynamic DNS
DHCP will update the DNS servers
IP address that change get updated
96
DNSSEC
DNS security
Prevents anyone from making changes to DNS
97
DES
Data encryption standard
- block encryption ( in chunks)
- small bit encryption
Kinds of DES
3DES
IDES blowfish
98
RC4
Rivets cipher
| - streaming cipher
99
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard
Newest best
- large block encryption
128-192-256 but size
100
PKI
Public key cryptology
RSA
Private key decrypts
101
CA
Certificate authority
| - issues public keys
102
Hash
Math that only goes one way encryption
103
MD5
Most popular type of Hash
104
SHA
Secure hash algorithm
105
CRAM
Sends hash over and over to keep authenticating
Hard to crack
For server
106
PGP
Pretty good privacy
| Create your own certificate among friends
107
NAC
Network access controls
Minimum standards set to access/ join a network
108
ACL
Access control list
List of users
And what they are allowed to do
109
-MAC
Mandatory access control
| - ever resource is assigned a label
110
DAC
Discretionary access control
Owner controls access
111
RBAC
Role based access control
Creates groups for access
Users are assigned to groups
112
PPP
Point to point
| Dial up
113
PAP
Password authentication protection
Dial up / bad plan text
114
CHAP
Challenge handshake auth. Protocal
Encrypted passwords
Prevents man in the middle
Re authenticates over and over
115
MS- CHAP
Microsoft version chap
| Most secure
116
AAA
Authentication
Authorization
Accounting
117
RADIUS
Remote authentication dial in users service
NAS- network access servers
Uses AAA
TACACS is ciscos version
118
Kerberos
Best way to authenticat in a domain
```
Use time stamps
Issues tickets (SID- security identifier
```
119
EAP
Extensible authentication Protocal
120
EAP-PSK
EAP- personal shares key
Wireless code
Popular for home use
Uses AES
121
EAP-TLS
EAP- Transport layer security
RADIUS server
Office environment
AAA environment
122
802.1X
Port authentication network access control
Like RADIUS and Kerberos
123
IPSec
Internet Protocal security
Built into IPv6
Works on all levels of OSI
ESP encapsulated security payload
ISAKMP
IEK
124
SCP
Security copy Protocal
| Used SSH
125
SFTP
Secure file transpher potocol
Encrypted FTP
126
SNMP
Simple network managment protocol
- a way to query a device / switch
Angents record the info
127
MIB
Managment information base
Server that holds info on servers
128
LDAP
Lightweight directory access protocol
Updates all active directories
When changes accrue
129
NTP
Network time protocol
| Uses port 123
130
VPN
Virtual private network
Secure way to get into a network from a secure location
131
PPTP
Point to point Tunneling protocol
| 1 to 1
132
RRAS
Routing and remote access service
Software on server for VPNs
L2TP- layer2 tunneling (Cisco software)
133
ROAS
Router on a stick
Connects VLANS with a router
134
802.1Q
Protocol for Trunking
Vender neutral
135
Trunking
Transfer clan traffic between two switches
136
VTP
Virtual trunk protocol
Automatically updates vlan data base on switches
137
Load balancing
Spreads out traffic that is trying to access a resource
138
DNS load balancing
Uses round robin traffic balancing
139
IDS
Intrusion detection system
Alerts you of bad things happening to firewall
140
IPS
Intrusion prevention system
Can react to attacks
141
NIPS
Network intrusion prevention system
Over a network
142
802.1X
Port authentication
Compairs against a list of rules for that port
Allow list of MAC address
143
RIR
Regional internet register
144
Toredo
Microsoft version of IPv6 tunneling
145
TSP
Tunnel setup protocol
146
6to4
| 6in4
Gets IPv6 past IPv4 routers
147
Stateless IPv6
Just hands out DNS info
148
DSSS
Direct sequence spread spectrum
Supported by 802.11b
149
OFDM
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Supported by 802.11a , g, n,
