Network Layer (routing) Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the role of the Network Layer?
Describes communication from one end device to another end device
The Network Layer is responsible for routing packets across networks.
What are the two main functions of the Network Layer?
- Breaking up segments into network packets
- Reassembling the packets on the receiving end
What is the Internet Protocol (IP)?
A common Network Layer protocol that provides connectionless and best-effort service
What does it mean for IP to be a connectionless protocol?
It does not establish a connection before sending packets and treats each packet independently
What is meant by best-effort delivery in the context of IP?
IP does not guarantee that all sent packets will be received
What are the implications of using an unreliable protocol like IP?
Other protocols must manage tracking packets and ensuring their delivery
What does it mean for IP to be media independent?
IP packets can travel over different media types
What are the four basic processes of end-to-end transport?
- Addressing end devices
- Encapsulation
- Routing
- De-encapsulating
What is the role of an intermediary gateway device?
Allows devices to communicate across subdivided networks
What are the three functions of a router?
- Routing
- Switching
- Filtering
What is static routing?
The routing table is set up and modified manually
What is dynamic routing?
The routing table is built automatically with the help of routing protocols
What are the characteristics of RIP (Routing Information Protocol)?
- Capable of routing messages across networks up to a maximum of 15 hops
- Supports IPv4 and IPv6 in newer standards
What does OSPF stand for and what is its purpose?
Open Shortest Path First; created to overcome limitations of RIP
What is EIGRP?
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol, developed by Cisco as an alternative to RIP
What is IS-IS?
Intermediate System to Intermediate System protocol, functions similarly to OSPF
What is BGP?
Border Gateway Protocol, the Internet standard External Gateway Protocol (EGP)
Fill in the blank: The local _______ is the route to the default gateway of the local network.
default route
What does a basic routing table include?
- Route source
- Destination network
- Administrative distance
- Metric
- Next-hop
- Route timestamp
- Outgoing interface
What is the importance of the next-hop in a routing table?
Identifies the IP address of the next router to forward the packet
True or False: Dynamic routing is preferred over static routing due to its ability to recover from link/node failures.
True
