Network Management (3.1 & 3.2)

Question 1

Network Management

Answer 1

o The process of administering and managing computer networks

Question 2

Physical Network Diagram

Answer 2

▪ Shows the actual physical arrangement of the components that make up
the network

Question 3

Logical Network Diagram

Answer 3

▪ Illustrates the flow of data across a network and shows how devices
communicate with each other

Question 4

Wiring Diagram

Answer 4

▪ Labels which cables are connected to which ports

Question 5

Radio Frequency (Wireless) Site Survey

Answer 5

▪ Planning and designing a wireless network to deliver the required
wireless solution

Question 6

Wired Site Survey

Answer 6

▪ Determines if a site has the right amount of power, space, and cooling to
support a new upgrade or installation

Question 7

Audit and Assessment Report

Answer 7

▪ Delivered after a formal assessment has been conducted
● Audit and Assessment Report
o Executive summary
o Scope and objectives
o Assumptions and limitations
o Methods and tools
o Environment and system diagram
o Security requirements
o Findings and recommendations
o Audit results

Question 8

Baseline Configurations

Answer 8

▪ Set of specifications for an information system, or a configuration item
within a system, that has been formally reviewed and agreed on
▪ Changes will be properly tested and approved to be part of the new
baseline

Question 9

Network Performance Monitoring

Answer 9

Monitors the performance from the end user’s workstation to the final
destination they are trying to reach

Question 10

Latency

Answer 10

o Time that it takes for data to reach its destination across a
network
o High latency slows down overall network performance

Question 11

Bandwidth

Answer 11

o Maximum rate of data transfer across a given network

Question 12

Throughput

Answer 12

o Actual measure of how much data is successfully

transferred from the source to a destination

Question 13

Jitter

Answer 13

o When a time delay in the sending of data packets over a
network connection occurs
▪ Ensure that your network is using QoS properly

Question 14

Sensors

Answer 14

o Monitors a device’s temperature, CPU usage, and memory, which could indicate
if it is operating properly or is about to fail
o Minor Temperature Threshold
▪ Used to set off an alarm when a rise in temperature is detected but
hasn’t reached dangerous levels yet
o Major Temperature Threshold
▪ Used to set off an alarm when temperature reaches dangerous
conditions
● 5-40% CPU utilization
o Misconfigured network
o Network under attack
▪ Minor
▪ Severe
▪ Critical
● 40%
o Normal conditions
● 60-70%
o Busier times
● Layer 3 80%
o Peak times

Question 15

Full Packet Capture is used to

Answer 15

o capture the entire packet, including the header

and the payload for all traffic entering and leaving a network

Question 16

Flow Analysis

Answer 16

▪ Relies on a flow collector to record the metadata and statistics about
network traffic rather than recording each frame
▪ Highlights trends and patterns

Question 17

NetFlow

Answer 17

▪ Defines a particular traffic flow based on the different packets that share
the same characteristics
● Protocol interface
● IP version/type
● Source/destination IP
● Source/destination port
● IP service type

Question 18

Zeek

Answer 18

▪ Passively monitors a network like a sniffer, but only logs full packet
capture data of potential interest
▪ Performs normalization of the data and stores it as a tab-delimited or
JSON-formatted text files

Question 19

Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG)

Answer 19

▪ Creates graphs showing traffic flows through the network interfaces of
routers and switches by polling the appliances using SNMP

Question 20

Link State

Answer 20

▪ Communicates whether a given interface has a cable connected to it and
a valid protocol to use for communication

Question 21

Drop

Answer 21

▪ Used to count the number of packets that have been dropped

Question 22

Flush

Answer 22

▪ Used to count Selective Packet Discards (SPD) that have occurred

Question 23

Selective Packet Discards (SPD)

Answer 23

▪ Drops low priority packets when the CPU is too busy so it can save
capacity for higher priority packets as a form of QoS

Question 24

Runt

Answer 24

▪ An Ethernet frame that is less than 64 bytes in size

Question 25

Giant

Answer 25

▪ Any Ethernet frame that exceeds the 802.3 frame size of 1518 bytes

Question 26

Throttle

Answer 26

▪ Occurs when the interface fails to buffer the incoming packets

Question 27

CRC

Answer 27

▪ Number of packets received that failed the cyclic redundancy checksum, or CRC check upon receipt

Question 28

Frame

Answer 28

▪ Used to count the number of packets where a CRC error and a non integer number of octets was received

Question 29

Overrun

Answer 29

▪ Used to count how often the interface was unable to receive traffic due to an insufficient hardware buffer

Question 30

Ignored

Answer 30

▪ Used to count the number of packets that the interface ignored since the hardware interface was low on internal buffers

Question 31

Underrun

Answer 31

▪ Number of times the sender has operated faster than the router can handle, causing buffers or dropped packets

Question 32

Babble

Answer 32

▪ Used to count any frames that are transmitted and are larger than 1518 bytes

Question 33

Late Collision

Answer 33

▪ Used to count the number of collisions that occur after the interface has started transmitting its frame

Question 34

Deferred

Answer 34

▪ Used to count the number of frames that were transmitted successfully after waiting because the media was busy

Question 35

Output Buffer Failure

Answer 35

▪ Number of times a packet was not output from the output hold queue because of a shortage of shared memory

Question 36

Output Buffer Swapped Out

Answer 36

▪ Number of packets stored in main memory when the queue is full

Question 37

Environmental Sensors

Answer 37

``` o Environmental monitoring ▪ Network devices operate between 50 and 90 ºF ▪ Maintain a humidity range of 40-60% ● Cool ● At the right humidity ● Receives clean power ● Flood-free ```