Networking Test

Question 1

What are networks?

Answer 1

two or more computers connected together for the purpose of sharing data and resources

Question 2

What resources do networks provide?

Answer 2

Networks provide economical solutions for sharing hardware such as printers

Question 3

How do networks help with sharing data?

Answer 3

Networks provide a way to simultaneously share data among a larger group of computer users

Question 4

How do networks help with sharing data in a company and a school?

Answer 4

Ex. a company
Sales
Supply
Distribution
Accounting departments
Ex. a school
Classrooms
Teacher workrooms
Computer labs
Office administration

Question 5

What are the two network administrative models?

Answer 5

Client/Server
Peer-to-peer

Question 6

What is a server?

Answer 6

A server is a powerful computer used to manage network resources and provide services such as security and file sharing

Question 7

What is a client?

Answer 7

A client is an individual PC or workstation that accesses a server’s resources and shared files

Question 8

What is a client/server model? What is a node? What is a hub?

Answer 8

A networking model that is made up of computers that are either clients or serves
Provides a method for centralized administration of the network
A device connected to the network is often referred to as a node
Nodes are connected together by a device called a hub

Question 9

What is a peer to peer model?

Answer 9

A network administration model in which all the PCs connected together are considered equal
No centralized administration
A workstation must grant permission to other workstation before they can access its files or use its hardware
Good for 25 or less people

Question 10

What are the network classifications?

Answer 10

LAN, MAN and WAN

Question 11

What is LAN?

Answer 11

LAN: Local area network
A small network of computers contained in a relatively small area (ex. An office building)

Question 12

What is MAN?

Answer 12

MAN: metropolitan area network
A group of two or more interconnected LANs operating under a single management (ex university campus)

Question 13

What is WAN?

Answer 13

WAN: wide area network
A large number of computers, spread over a large geographic area and under control of a centrally located administrator (ex. A ISP - internet service provider)

Question 14

What are the networks classifications based on?

Answer 14

These classifications are based on physical size, management and use fo a telecommunications system such as the telephone network

Question 15

What are the two types of network topology?

Answer 15

physical and logical

Question 16

What is a physical topology?

Answer 16

Physical topology: the physical arrangement of hardware and cabling in a network system

Question 17

What is a logical topology?

Answer 17

Logical topology: refers more to how the data moves through the network or the pattern of the data flow in a network

Question 18

What are the three major topologies?

Answer 18

Three major topologies: bus topology, ring topology, star topology

Question 19

What is a bus topology?

Answer 19

A single conductor connects to all the computers on the network
The single conductor that connects all the computers to the network is often referred to as the trunk or backbone

Question 20

What is an advantage and disadvantage of a bus topology?

Answer 20

Advantage: uses less cable than other network topology…significantly reduces cost
Disadvantage: only one computer can send a signal at a time. Also, the whole system goes down if one node malfunctions

Question 21

What is a ring topology?

Answer 21

A single cable runs continuously from computer to computer
Nodes are connected in a closed loop
Messages travel around the ring, with each node reading those messages addressed to it

Question 22

What is one main advantage to a ring topology?

Answer 22

One main advantage to a ring network is that it can span larger distances than other types of networks such as the bus networks because each node regenerates messages as they pass through it

Question 23

What is a star topology?

Answer 23

A cable runs from each computer to a single point forming a star
It is the most common topology used in LANs today

Question 24

What is an advantage and disadvantage of a star topology?

Answer 24

Advantage: one malfunctioning node does not affect the rest of the network
Disadvantage: if the central hub or switch fails, the entire network become unstable

Question 25

What is a mesh topology?

Answer 25

Each node connects directly to every other node on the network This is the most reliable network system because it provides full redundancy The most expensive because it requires multiple NICs (Network Interface Controller) and cables for each node A mesh network is most likely to be found in WAN environments

Question 26

What is a wireless topology?

Answer 26

Uses no cabling between computers Uses either infrared light or radio transmission to communicate between network devices Reduce cost (no cabling) Mobility (mot stuck to one location)

Question 27

How do network communicate? How is data split?

Answer 27

Computers must use the same system of identification and data transfer if they want to communicate All data is divided into smaller units called packets Like an envelope going through the mail system, each packet contains the address of the sender and the intended recipient When all the packets have arrived at their destination, they are reassembled to form a complete message or file

Question 28

What are network protocols?

Answer 28

Network protocols are a set of rules that define how data is transmitted and managed between devices on a network. They act as a common language, allowing different devices with varying internal structures and processes to communicate effectively. The language for handling communication between network devices

Question 29

What is TCP/IP protocol?

Answer 29

TCP/IP (control protocol/internet protocol) is the standard Internet protocol

Question 30

What is Http protocol?

Answer 30

Http (hypertext transfer protocol) is an application protocol that defines how message are formatted and transmitted and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands

Question 31

What is ftp protocol?

Answer 31

ftp (file transfer protocol) is used for exchanging files over the Internet, ex. Cyberduck

Question 32

What is a firewall?

Answer 32

A firewall is a set of software settings used to manage traffic coming to and leaving the network. These settings normally reside in a router and/or switch, they are essential for keeping the network secure

Question 33

What are the network essentials?

Answer 33

TCP/IP addressing, IP address, DHCP, network class, subnet mask

Question 34

What is TCP/IP addressing?

Answer 34

a method of identification used to identify every node or host on a network, the terms host and node are used interchangeably to identify individual PCs, printers and network equipment that may require an address, TCP/IP addressing and IP dressing are also interchangeable terms

Question 35

What is IP address?

Answer 35

An identifying address used for a PC or other equipment on a TCP/IP network Some example of hosts or nodes that have an IP address include computers, servers, network printers and routers Was originally designed for Internet access and communications between Internet connected devices Originally, very few computers accessed the Internet, therefore IP address were not required Instead, local area networks used MAC (Media Access Control) addresses

Question 36

What is DHCP?

Answer 36

(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Originally, computers on the network had to have their IP addresses assigned manually. This process is referred to as Static IP addressing The dynamic host configuration protocol was written to replace the manual setup of IP addresses on a network The act of automatically assigning IP addresses is known as dynamic addressing

Question 37

What is a network class?

Answer 37

For the purposes of assigning IP addresses, networks are divided into three classifications: Class A (Large networks) Class B (Medium networks) Class C (Small networks) Networks are assigned an IP address based on the network classification

Question 38

What is a subnet mask?

Answer 38

A mask that is used to determine what subnet a particular IP address refers to 255.0.0.0 (Class A) 255.255.0.0 (Class B) 255.255.255.0 (Class C) helps divide an IP address into two parts: the network address and the host addres It's like breaking a large network into smaller, manageable segments. Subnetting helps with more efficient routing and security by isolating different parts of the network. Each subnet has its own range of IP addresses and is identified by a subnet mask.

Question 39

What is a coaxial cable?

Answer 39

Referred to as coax Mainly used for television signals and computer networks Has an inner conductor surrounded by a tubular insulating layer, surrounded by a tubular conducting shield Many coaxial cables also have an insulating outer sheath or jacket

Question 40

What is a twisted pair?

Answer 40

(Cat 5) The most common choice for network wiring. It consists of four pairs of conductors twisted around each other The twists in the pairs are necessary to eliminate crosstalk between conductors Capable of transmission speeds of 100Mbps.

Question 41

What is a fire-optic cable?

Answer 41

A fiber optic cable is a type of cable that transmits data using light signals instead of electrical signals. Contains a glass or plastic center used to carry light The electronic signals transmitted from the computer are converted to a signal consisting of a fluctuating beam of light

Question 42

What are the advantages over conventional copper wire systems?

Answer 42

Many advantages over conventional copper wire systems (standard copper cabling, are widely used in homes and offices for connecting network devices) Increased security Greater resistance to corrosion Immunity to lightning strikes Longer transmission distances Decreased weight Mostly used by telecommunications companies

Question 43

What is the difference between client and server?

Answer 43

In a client-server network, a client is a device or software that initiates requests for services or resources, while a server is a device or software that provides those services or resources. Think of it like a waiter (client) taking an order from a customer, and the kitchen (server) preparing and delivering the food