networks

Question 1

network

Answer 1

a collection of computers/nodes linked together to facilitate communication and the sharing or resources

Question 2

LAN

Answer 2

local area network

Question 3

PAN

Answer 3

personal area network

Question 4

WAN

Answer 4

wide area network

Question 5

NIC

Answer 5

network interface card

piece of hardware inside a device allowing it to connect to networks

Question 6

switches

Answer 6

connect devices on a LAN

Question 7

routers

Answer 7

transmit data between different networks

Question 8

choice of cable depends on what three main factors

Answer 8

cost
bandwidth
how far you want the data to be transmitted

Question 9

WLAN

Answer 9

wireless local area network (local wireless network)

Question 10

WAP

Answer 10

wireless access point

needed to set up a wireless network

Question 11

topology

Answer 11

the layout of a network

Question 12

give three examples of network topologies

Answer 12

star
bus
mesh

Question 13

star topology

Answer 13

all devices are connected to a central switch or server

Question 14

bus topology

Answer 14

all devices are connected by a single cable

two terminators at the ends stop data from reflecting backwards (without them there could be interference)

Question 15

network protocol

Answer 15

a set of rules for how devices communicate and how data is transmitted through a network

Question 16

layer

Answer 16

a group of protocols which have similar functions

Question 17

what are the 4 layers of the TCP/IP model

Answer 17

layer 4 - application layer
layer 3 - transport layer
layer 2 - internet layer
layer 1 - link layer

Question 18

processes within the application layer

Answer 18

providing networking services to applications

eg turning data into websites

Question 19

processes within the transport layer

Answer 19

setting up communications between two devices
splitting data into packets
checking packets are sent and delivered correctly

Question 20

processes within the internet layer

Answer 20

adding IP addresses to data packets
directing data packets between devices
handling traffic

Question 21

processes within the link layer

Answer 21

passing data over the physical network

responsible for how data is being sent as electrical signals over cables, wireless and other hardware

Question 22

give three examples of protocols in the application layer

Answer 22

HTTP
FTP
SMTP

Question 23

give two examples of protocols in the transport layer

Answer 23

TCP

UDP

Question 24

give an example of a protocol in the internet layer

Answer 24

IP

Question 25

give two examples of protocols in the link layer

Answer 25

Wi-Fi | Ethernet

Question 26

ethernet

Answer 26

defines how data should be transmitted in a wired network directs and sends data frames to a device using its MAC address (ETHERNET IS A FAMILY OF RELATED PROTOCOLS AND NOT A SINGLE PROTOCOL)

Question 27

Wi-Fi

Answer 27

allows users to connect device using its MAC address defines how data is transmitted using radio waves (WIFI IS A FAMILY OF RELATED PROTOCOLS AND NOT A SINGLE PROTOCOL)

Question 28

TCP

Answer 28

transmission control protocol | splits data from applications into small pieces called packets, each of which has a header and a payload

Question 29

UDP

Answer 29

user datagram protocol performs same functions as TCP (splits data from applications into packets) but doesn't confirm a packet's arrival or that a packet's data is correct

Question 30

IP

Answer 30

internet protocol defines how packets should be sent between networks IP address is added to each packet giving the source and destination IP address, allowing routers to deliver data to the correct destination

Question 31

HTTP

Answer 31

hypertext transfer protocol | defines how data should be transferred between web browsers and web servers

Question 32

HTTPS

Answer 32

HTTP secure | more secure version of HTTP but with SSL (secure socket layer) encryption for data sent between client and server

Question 33

FTP

Answer 33

file transfer protocol defines how binary and text data can be requested from a server and transmitted back to the client used to download or transfer files over the network

Question 34

give two email protocols

Answer 34

IMAP | SMTP

Question 35

IMAP

Answer 35

internet message access protocol protocol for retrieving emails from a mail server allows emails to be kept in sync by syncing actions with the server so inboxes are consistent across devices

Question 36

SMTP

Answer 36

simple mail transfer protocol | defines how email message are sent from email client to the mail server

Question 37

what are 4 methods of network security

Answer 37

authentication encryption firewall MAC address filtering