Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

computing > networks T5 > Flashcards

networks T5 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a network?

A

two or more computers that are connected together for the purpose of communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how are devices in a network connected?

A

they can be connected by a wired medium such as cables or wireless such as WiFi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a stand-alone?

A

a computer or device that is not connected to a network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the advantages of using networks?

A

file sharing - users can share files with other users
hardware sharing - users can share hardware, such as a printer
communication - users can communicate via email
roaming access - users can sign in to any computer on the network and gain access to their files
centralised maintenance - managers can apply software updates across a network
centralised security - antivirus software and firewalls can be implemented across a network to protect data
levels of access - different users can be given different access rights and this gives network managers the ability to restrict user access to certain files

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the disadvantages of networks?

A

cost - additional equipment is needed to allow computers to communicate
management - networks require management by technical staff such as a network manager
spread of malware - viruses and other forms of malware can easily spread across a network
hacking - once a device is connected to another device it is possible that data may be accessed without the device owner’s permission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a LAN?

A

a local area network is a network that is geographically confined to one building or site
EXAMPLES: schools, universities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a WAN?

A

a wide area network is a network that is spread over a wide geographical area
EXAMPLES: banks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the internet?

A

a global network connecting millions of computers so huge international WAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a PAN?

A

a personal area network is a network that is spread over a very small area and is used to connect personal devices such as a phone and laptop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

to connect a device to a network, what hardware components are required?

A

a NIC (network interface controller)
a transmission medium (Wired or wireless)
a point to connect to such as a router, hub, switch or WAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does a NIC do?

A

it offers an interface port for a wired connection and a wireless NIC provides a radio transceiver for connecting wirelessly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are switches?

A

network devices that record which computers are connected to which ports
when traffic is received the switch forwards the traffic to the intended recipient ONLY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are routers?

A

a connection device that sends data signals across the internet
they collect knowledge of available routes to transmit data and then determine the most suitable one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what do transmission media do?

A

carry data signals from one computer to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a fibre optic cable?

A

a cable that carries data transmitted as light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

compare a twisted copper wire with a fibre optic cable?

A

fibre optics are more expensive to purchase and install
fibre optics have a faster transmission speed
fibre optic cables have a longer distance for communication (over 2 km)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how do WAPs work?

A

they use a radio transceiver to allow wireless connections to a network
it creates its own wireless network that devices can connect to
it sends wireless traffic to the main wired network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

why are WAPs used?

A

used to extend the range of a wireless network
the WAP can either receive or transmit traffic to other WAPS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

compare wired and wireless networks

A

wireless networks are cheaper to set up
wireless networks are simple to install but wired requires space and knowledge to install cables
wireless networks have a faster transmission speed
wireless networks have a smaller distance for communication 50 metres vs 2 km
wireless networks are less secure as the signal cannot be contained within a building and no physical connection is required to intercept data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is a node?

A

any device connected to a network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is a network topology?

A

the arrangement or pattern in which all nodes on a network are connected together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is a bus topology?

A

a network layout where all nodes are connected along a linear link

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is a star topology?

A

a network where each node is connected to a central switch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how does a bus topology work?

A

all nodes in the network are connected directly to a central cable that runs up and down the network
data is send up and down the backbone until it reaches the correct node

25
Q

what are the advantages of using a bus topology?

A
  • it is easy to connect nodes to the network
  • less cabling is needed compared to a star top. so it is cheaper to install
26
Q

what are the disadvantages of bus topologies?

A
  • the whole network fails if the backbone cable is broken
  • terminators must be installed at each end of the backbone
  • having one backbone increases the chances of data collision
27
Q

how do star topologies work?

A
  • all nodes are indirectly connected to each other through one or more switches
  • the switch acts as a central point through which all communications are passed
28
Q

what are the advantages of a star topology?

A
  • each node is separately connected, therefore a failure of one node or its link does not affect any other nodes
  • new nodes can be added to the network simply by connecting them to the switch
  • star networks tend to have higher performance as a message is passed on to its intended node only
29
Q

what are the disadvantages of star topologies?

A
  • the whole network fails if the switch fails as no node can communicate
  • a wired star topology requires lots of cable which can be expensive
30
Q

what are protocols?

A

a set of rules for how messages are turned into data packets and sent across networks

31
Q

what is IP addressing?

A

internet protocol - a set of rules for communicating over the internet

32
Q

what is MAC addressing?

A

media access control - each unique piece of hardware on a network has a MAC address

33
Q

what is the purpose/how does IP addressing work?

A
  • when connected to a network each device is given a unique IP address
  • when a node wants to send a message to another node, it uses the recipient node’s address as the destination
  • a switch on the network knows where the node is routes the message accordingly
34
Q

what is a static IP address?

A

an IP address that is always the same

35
Q

what is a dynamic IP address?

A

a node is given a different address each time it connects to the network

36
Q

why are static addresses used?

A

it makes it easy for network managers to known which device is which on a network

37
Q

why are dynamic ip addresses used?

A

it allows more devices to connect than there are available addresses

38
Q

what is MAC addressing?

A

a MAC address is a unique serial number assigned to each NIC
this allows a network to uniquely identify any device even if dynamic IP addressing is used

39
Q

what is TCP/IP?

A
  • transmission control protocol/internet protocol
  • enables communication over the internet
40
Q

what is HTTP/S?

A
  • hypertext transfer protocol (secure)
  • governs communication between a webserver and a client
  • https includes secure encryption to allow transactions to be made over the internet
41
Q

what is FTP?

A
  • file transfer protocol
  • governs the transmission of files across a network and the internet
42
Q

what is UDP?

A
  • user datagram protocol
  • faster than TCP allows gaming or video calls over the internet
43
Q

what is SMTP?

A

-simple mail transfer protocol
- governs sending of emails over a network to a mail server

44
Q

what is IMAP?

A

-internet message access protocol
-governs retrieving emails from email servers

45
Q

what is layering?

A

the concept of breaking up communication into separate components or activities
each component handles a different part of the communication
- layering enables standards to be put in place and simply adapted as new hardware and software is developed

46
Q

what is the application layer?

A

applications such as web browsers and email programs operate at this layer
- https, smtp, imap, ftp

47
Q

what is the transport layer?

A

-breaks down the message into packets
-each packet is given a packet number and the total number of packets
-sets up communication between hosts
-tcp, udp

48
Q

what is the network/internet layer?

A

-adds the sender’s and recipient’s IP addresses to the packet and packages the data to make it ready for transmission
-routes the packets across the network

49
Q

what is the link layer?

A

-the NIC and operating system drivers are at this layer

50
Q

what are standards?

A

an agreed way of doing things

51
Q

why is layering useful?

A

-allows standards to be developed
-be adapted to new hardware and software over time

52
Q

what is authentication?

A

-the process of a user confirming their identity on a computer system

53
Q

what are the three factors of authentication?

A

-something you are: username, bank number
-something you know: password, pin
-something you have: biometrics, card

54
Q

what is encryption?

A

the process of disguising a message so it cannot be understood by anyone but the intended recipient

ENCRYPTION DOES NOT PREVEN INTERCEPTION IT PREVENTS UNDERSTANDING

55
Q

how does the Caesar cipher work?

A

-it gives a number value to a key
-each plaintext letter is replaced by a new letter, the one found at the original letter’s position in the alphabet plus the value of the key

56
Q

what is a firewall?

A

-a software that blocks unexpected connections coming into or out of a network

57
Q

how do firewalls work?

A

-they use ports which only allow specific data into and out of networks
-the network manager is able to open or close the pots depending on the type of traffic they want for the network

58
Q

what is MAC address filtering?

A

blocking incoming traffic based on their MAC address

59
Q

what is a whitelist?

A

only the device addresses on the list are allowed to access the network

computing (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions