Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anesthesia Principles 1 > Neuraxial (Epidural, Spinal) Anesthesia > Flashcards

Neuraxial (Epidural, Spinal) Anesthesia Flashcards

(72 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Vertebra prominens landmark

A

C7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Spine of Scapula landmark

A

T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Inferior angle of scapula

A

T7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rib margin 10 cm from midline

A

L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Superior aspect of iliac crest

A

L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Posterior superior iliac spine

A

S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Horizontal line drawn across the superior aspects of the iliac crests that correlate with L4

A

Intercristal line (Tuffier’s line)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the interspace ABOVE the intercristal line correlates with…

A

L3-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The interspace BELOW the intercristal line correlates with….

A

L4-L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Infants up to 1 year, intercristal line correlates with…

A

L5-S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Conus medullaris

A

L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dural sac ends at….

A

S2 (correlates with superior iliac spines)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sacral hiatus and sacrococcygeal ligament landmark

A

S5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Provides and entry point to the epidural space useful in peds

A

sacral hiatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Used as landmarks for caudal anesthesia

A

Sacral cornua

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Conus medullar is in adults? Peds?

A

Adults= L1-L2
Peds= L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cauda equina extends from ______ to the ________.

A

from conus medullaris to the dural sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The subarachnoid space terminates at the ________.

A

Dural Sac (Adult= S2, Peds= S3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx

A

Filum Terminale

The internal portion extends from the conus medullaris to the dural sac, and the external portion extends from dural sac into the sacrum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does the epidural space end?

A

The sacrococcygeal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Risk for obese and pregnant patients when performing epidural

A

Batson’s plexus (epidural veins) are engorged which increases risk of vascular injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the subarachnoid space contain?

A

CSF, Nerve roots, rootlets, and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The terminal end of the subarachnoid space is called the ________.

A

Dural Sac (S2 in adult, S3 in infant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cranial border

A

Foramen magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Caudal border
Sacrococcygeal ligament
26
Anterior border
Posterior longitudinal ligament
27
Lateral border
vertebral pedicles
28
posterior borders
ligamentum flavus and vertebral lamina
29
What does the epidural space contain?
nerve roots, fat pads, blood vessels
30
What reduces the bioavailability of lipophilic drugs?
epidural fat (acts as a sink) (bupivicaine > lidocaine and fentanyl > morphine)
31
The _______ nerve roots carry sensory information.
posterior (dorsal)
32
The ________ nerve roots carry motor and autonomic information.
anterior (ventral)
33
C6 innervates -------
1st digit (thumb)
34
C7
2nd and 3rd fingers
35
C8
4th and 5th fingers
36
T4
nipple line
37
T6
Xiphoid process
38
T10
umblilicus
39
T12
pubic symphysis
40
L4
anterior knee
41
T4 (nipple line) surgery?
upper abdominal C-section Cystectomy
42
T6-7 (xyphoid process)
lower abdominal surgery appendectomy
43
T10 (umbilicus)
total hip arthroplasty vaginal delivery TURP
44
L1-3 (inguinal ligament)
lower extremity surgery
45
L2-3
foot surgery
46
S2-S5
Hemorrhoidectomy
47
Benefits of well-executed thoracic epidural compared to lumber
-superior analgesia -minimize surgical stress response -reduce incidence of post op respiratory issues -allow for early ambulation
48
What is the primary site of local anesthesia in the subarachnoid space?
myelinated preganglionic fibers of the spinal nerve roots
49
Order of which nerve fibers are blocked?
Autonomic ---> Sensory -----> Motor come back the opposite way
50
How many dermatomes higher is autonomic than sensory?
2-6
51
How many dermatomes higher in sensory than motor?
2
52
Factors that will affect spread in spinal anesthesia?
baricity, site of injection, patient position
53
factors that don't affect spinal anesthesia spread?
barbotage, speed, bevel orientation, body habitus, gender
54
What are the 2 primary determinants of spread for epidurals?
Volume and level of injection
55
Sensory blockade is ______ dermatomes higher than motor in epidural anesthesia.
2-4 there's not autonomic differential
56
_______ is the most reliable determinant of intrathecal spread when using hypo- or isobaric solution
DOSE
57
_________ is the most reliable determinant of intrathecal spread when using a hyperbaric solution.
Baricity
58
What is the 1st, 2nd and 3rd sensory modalities that are blocked in order?
1. temperature 2. pain 3. touch or pressure
59
Heavy myelination skeletal muscle and proprioception
a alpha (blocked 4th)
60
heavy myelination touch and pressure
a beta (blocked 4th)
61
medium myelination muscle tone
a gamma (blocked 3rd)
62
medium myelination fast pain, temp, touch
a delta (blocked 3rd)
63
light myelination preganglionic ANS fibers
B type (blocked 1st!)
64
0 myelination slow pain, temp, touch postganglionic ANS fibers
C type fiber (blocked 2nd)
65
primary drug-related determinant of block height (epidural)
LA volume
66
primary procedure related determinant of block height (epidural)
level of injection
67
primary determinant of block density
LA concentration
68
Greatest points of lordosis (hump)
C5 and L3
69
Greatest points of kyphosis (dip)
T5-7 and S2
70
Neuraxial opioids do NOT cause:
sympathectomy skeletal muscle weakness changes in proprioception
71
What LA reduces the efficacy of epidural opioids?
2-Chloroprocaine
72

Anesthesia Principles 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions