Neuro 1

Question 1

How is the central nervous system divided?

Answer 1

Brain
Spinal Cord

Question 2

How is the peripheral nervous system divided?

Answer 2

1. Somatic
   Cranial Nerves
   Spinal Nerves
   Sensory/Motor Neurons
2. Autonomic
   Sympathetic NS
   Parasympathetic NS

Question 3

Cranial Nerve I
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 3

Olfactory

Sensory

Smell

Question 4

Cranial Nerve III
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 4

Oculomotor

Motor

Most eye movement

Question 4

Cranial Nerve II
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 4

Optic

Sensory

Vision

Question 5

Cranial Nerve IV
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 5

Trochlear

Motor

Moves eye to look at nose

Question 6

Cranial Nerve V
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 6

Trigeminal

Both

Face sensation, mastication

Question 7

Cranial Nerve VI
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 7

Abducens

Motor

Abducts the eye

Question 8

Cranial Nerve VII
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 8

Facial

Both

Facial expression, taste

Question 9

Cranial Nerve VIII
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 9

Vestibulocochlear

Sensory

Hearing, balance

Question 10

Cranial Nerve X
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 10

Vagus

Both

Gag, parasympathetic innervation

Question 10

Cranial Nerve IX
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 10

Glossopharyngeal

Both

Taste, gag

Question 11

Cranial Nerve XI
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 11

Accessory

Motor

Sholder shrug

Question 12

Cranial Nerve XII
Name:
Nerve Type:
Function:

Answer 12

Hypoglossal

Motor

Swallowing, speech

Question 13

How is the brain divided?

Answer 13

Cerebrum - Higher functions

Cerebellum - Balance, posture, coordination

Brainstem - Automatic functions

Question 14

Four lobes of the cerebrum

Answer 14

Frontal - Personality, behavior, speech, self awareness

Parietal - Language, words, sense of touch, spatial perception

Occipital - Interpretation of visual stimuli

Temporal - Understanding language, memory, hearing

Question 15

What is the surface of the cerebrum?

Answer 15

Cortex

Question 16

What are the folds of the cortex called?

Answer 16

Gyri - Peaks

Sulci - Valleys

Question 17

How much surface of the cortex is composed of grey matter?

Answer 17

40%

Question 18

How much of the cortex is composed of white matter?

Answer 18

60%

Question 19

What are the types of glial cells

Answer 19

Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells
Schwann Cells (only in PNS)

Question 20

Are most synapses chemical or electrical?

Answer 20

Chemical

Question 21

Where are neurotransmitters stored?

Answer 21

Synaptic vesicles in axon terminal

Question 22

When are neurotransmitters released?

Answer 22

When Ca2+ enters the axon terminal in response to an action potential

Question 23

Where do neurotransmitters bind?

Answer 23

Membrane receptors on postsynaptic cell

Question 24

Where is acetylcholine synthesized?

Answer 24

Pre-synaptic terminal

Question 25

Examples of cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 25

Neuostigmine Pyridostigmine

Question 26

What is pyridostigmine used for

Answer 26

Treat myasthenia gravis

Question 27

Cholinergic side effects

Answer 27

SLUDGE Salivation Lacrimation Urination Diaphoresis Gastrointestinal upset Emesis

Question 28

Major excitatory neurotransmitter in brain and spinal cord

Answer 28

Glutamate

Question 29

Glutamate actions

Answer 29

Learning/memory Cognition Mood regulation

Question 30

What amino acid does dopamine come from

Answer 30

Phenylalanine

Question 31

What is dopamine related to

Answer 31

Reward system

Question 32

Where are dopaminergic neuros located between

Answer 32

Substantia nigra and caudate nucleus/putamen, in limbic system, retina, and olfactory system

Question 33

How does carbidopa assist levodopa in parkinsons

Answer 33

Carbidopa protects levodopa from early conversion to dopamine outside the brain because dopamine itself cannot cross BBB