Neuro Flashcards
(49 cards)
Pre-frontal cortex
Location and responsibilities
Located in the anterior frontal lobe.
Responsible for:
* Higher mental functions
* Goal oriented behavior
* Concentration
* Memory
* Elaboration of thought
Premotor cortex
Location and responsibilities
Located in frontal lobe
Responsible for:
* Programing motor movements
* Movements prior to signaling motor cortex (think before do).
Motor cortex
Location and responsibilities
Located in pre-central gyrus of frontal lobe
Responsible for:
* Voluntary motor
* Alpha motor neurons here
Somatosensory cortex
Location and responsibilities
Located in the post central gyrus of the parietal lobe
Responsible for:
* Distinct spacial organization
Each side of cortex recieves info from contralateral side of body
Brocas Area
Location and responsibilities
Located in the inferior frontal lobe
Responsible for:
* Muscles of speech
* Speech and language processing
* Motor output to form words
If you have dysfunction of Brocas area what type of aphasia will occur?
With explanation.
Expressive aphasia: individual cannot form words but can understand them.
Wernickes area
Location and responsibilities
Located in parietal lobe.
Responsible for:
* Reception
* Interpretion of speech
* Selecting words
What type of aphasia will be seen in an individual with damage to Wernickes area?
With explanation.
Receptive aphasia-Individual can speak but cannot understand words and uses illogical language.
Primary visual cortex
Location and responsibilities
Located in occipital lobe
Responsible for:
* Input from retina
* Visual association
Thalamus responsibilities
Relay station
Hypothalamus responsibilities
- Autonomic control: regulates vital functions.
- Produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
- Motor plan from motor cortex will go to basal ganglia for refinement
- Starts, stops, odulates movement.
What does the direct path of the basal ganglia do?
- Induces movement
- Turns off tonic GABA release
What does the Indirect path of the basal ganglia do?
- Removes unwanted movement
- Persists tonic GABA release
Where does parkinsons originate from and why?
Originates in basal ganglia, GABA not inhibiting movement as it should.
Cerebellum responsibilities
Modify and coordinate movement
Where does the cerebellum recieve information from?
- Cerebral cortex
- Sensory systems
What are the brainstems responsibilities?
- Connects cerebrum with cerebellum and spinal cord
- Contains most of cranial nerve nuclei
- Respiratory drive
- Cardiovascular control
What does the gray matter contain?
- Cell bodies
- Dendrites
- Synapses
What does teh white matter contain?
Axons
What does the limbic system contain and what are its responsibilities?
Contains:
* Amygdala
* Hippocampus
* Hypothalamus
* Thalamus
Responsible for:
* Emotional well-being
* long term memory
What are the responsiblities of the blood brain barrier?
Protects flow of “stuff” into nervous tissue
Tight junctions permit some molecules through but not all
What is allowed to cross the BBB?
- Lipid soluble substances
- Water
- Some hormones
- Glucose
- Alcohol
- CO2
- Electrolytes
Explain the flow of CSF
1) CSF made by choroid plexus
2) Travels to lateral ventricles
3) Moves to third ventricle
4) Moves to fourth ventricle
5) Goes to subarachnoid space
6) Moves to superior sagittal sinus
7) Drains to veins
