Neuro

Question 1

Sensory Nerves

Answer 1

(Afferents)

Carry information from periphery, to the CNS

Question 2

Motor Nerves

Answer 2

(Efferents)

Carry information from the CNS, toward the periphery

Question 3

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Answer 3

• The most common neurotransmitter
• Excitable effect on nicotinic receptors
• Inhibitory effect on muscarinic receptors

Question 4

Nicotinic Receptor

Answer 4

When triggered by ACh, is excitable

Question 5

Muscarinic Receptor

Answer 5

When triggered by ACh, is inhibited

Question 6

Cholinesterase

Answer 6

Destroys ACh (Acetylcholine)

Question 7

Norepinephrine

Answer 7

Naturally occurs in adrenaline
Has excitatory response (Adrenaline = Exciting!)
Sympathic system

Question 8

Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)

Answer 8

Neurotransmitter

Generally inhibitory

Question 9

The spinal cord ends around:

Answer 9

L1, or right around the area of your waist.

Question 10

Basic Functional unit of the human nervous system

Answer 10

Reflex arc
“Sensory arm” goes from body, to spinal cord
“Motor arm” goes from spinal cord, to body
Both arms integrated by internuron within gray matter or cord

Question 11

How many nerves that are ONLY sensory in function?

Answer 11

One. Olefactory

Question 12

Conscious area of brain

Answer 12

Cerebral cortex

Outer layer of gray matter

Question 13

Cranial Nerve I

Answer 13

Olfactory

Question 14

Function of Olfactory Cranial Nerve

Answer 14

Cranial Nerve I

Smell

Question 15

Cranial Nerve II

Answer 15

Optic

Question 16

Function of Optic Nerve

Answer 16

Cranial Nerve II
Transmits visual signals from retina to brain
Sight

Question 17

Cranial Nerve III

Answer 17

Oculomotor

Question 18

Function of Oculomotor nerve

Answer 18

Cranial Nerve III
Parasympathetic: Pupil constriction
Sympathetic: eye movements, opening eyelid movements. Visual tracking and object fixation

Question 19

Cranial Nerve IV

Answer 19

Trochlear Nerve

Question 20

Function of Trochlear Nerve

Answer 20

Cranial Nerve Four

Eye Movement

Question 21

Damage to Trochlear Nerve is exhibited by:

Answer 21

Outward rotation of affected eye

Double vision

Question 22

Damage to Olfactory Nerve is exhibited by:

Answer 22

Blindness to affected eye- “Ipsilateral blindness”

Question 23

Damage to Oculomotor nerve is exhibited by:

Answer 23

I HAVE NO IDEA JESUS

Question 24

Cranial Nerve V

Answer 24

Trigeminal Nerve

Question 25

Function of Trigeminal Nerve

Answer 25

Cranial Nerve Five Facial Sensation Biting, Speech, Jaw movement

Question 26

Damage to Trigeminal Nerve

Answer 26

Triggeminal Neuralgia

Question 27

Cranial Nerve VI

Answer 27

Abducens Nerve

Question 28

Function of Abducens Nerve

Answer 28

Cranial Nerve Six Lateral movement of eye

Question 29

Damage to Abducens Nerve

Answer 29

Double Vision Affected eye pulled medially Affected eye cannot look sideways, towards temple

Question 30

Cranial Nerve VII

Answer 30

Facial Nerve

Question 31

Function of Facial Nerve

Answer 31

Cranial Nerve Seven Facial Expression Facial Sensation

Question 32

To test for function of Facial Nerve

Answer 32

Observe for damage by looking for asymmetry in: - Wrinkling brow - Showing Teeth - Frowning - Clenching eyes shut - Pursing lips - Puffing cheeks

Question 33

Cranial Nerve VIII

Answer 33

Vestibulocochlear

Question 34

Function of vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 34

Cranial Nerve Eight Hearing Balance

Question 35

Damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve would manifest as:

Answer 35

- Hearing loss - Vertigo - involuntary eye movement (Nystagmus)

Question 36

Cranial Nerve IX

Answer 36

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 37

Function of Glossopharyngeal Nerve

Answer 37

Cranial nerve Nine - Taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue) - Swallowing

Question 38

Damage to Glossopharyngeal Nerve would manifest as:

Answer 38

- Loss of bitter and sour tastes | - Impaired swallowing ability

Question 39

Cranial Nerve X

Answer 39

Vagus Nerve

Question 40

Function of Vagus Nerve

Answer 40

Cranial Nerve ten - Parasympathetic lowering of heart rate - Reduction of heart rate - Sweating - Speech - Mouth Movements

Question 41

Damage to the Vagus Nerve

Answer 41

- Hoarse voice - Dysphagia - Choking while drinking fluid - Loss of gag reflex

Question 42

Vasovagal Syncope

Answer 42

A reduction in heart rate and b/p, leading to 'fainting'

Question 43

Cranial Nerve XI

Answer 43

Accessory Nerve

Question 44

Function of the Accessory Nerve

Answer 44

Cranial Nerve Eleven Motor control and sensory of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles Shoulder movement

Question 45

Assess for damage to the Accessory Nerve by

Answer 45

- Shrugging shoulders against resistance | - Turning head R or L against resistance

Question 46

Weakness when turning head LEFT against resistance indicates:

Answer 46

-Damage to RIGHT spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)

Question 47

Cranial Nerve XII

Answer 47

Hypoglossal Nerve

Question 48

Function of the Hypoglossal Nerve

Answer 48

Cranial Nerve Twelve - Motor control of tongue - Swallowing

Question 49

Damage to Hypoglossal Nerve is manifested by:

Answer 49

-Deviation of tongue to damaged side -Speech and chewing impairments -

Question 50

Oh, Once One Takes The Anatomy Final, Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly.

Answer 50

``` -I Olfactory Nerve II Optic Nerve III Oculomotor Nerve IV Trochlear Nerve V Trigeminal Nerve/Dentist Nerve VI Abducens Nerve VII Facial Nerve VIII Vestibulocochlear Nerve/Auditory Nerve IX Glossopharyngeal Nerve X Vagus Nerve XI Accessory Nerve/Spinal Accessory Nerve XII Hypoglossal Nerve ```