NEURO

Question 1

often occurs after swimming. manifests with ear pain, pruritus, discharge, and pain on manipulation of the pinna

Answer 1

Otitis Externa

Question 2

most common cause of otitis externa

Answer 2

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 3

most common cause of otitis media

Answer 3

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 4

common cause of otitis media and pneumonia, especially in COPD patients

Answer 4

Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 5

This artery supplies the medial surface of the brain, including the leg and foot areas of the homunculus

Answer 5

anterior cerebral artery (ACA)

Question 6

This artery provides circulation to the lateral hemispheric surfaces of the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes,

Answer 6

middle cerebral artery (MCA)

Question 7

This artery provides circulation to cortical areas that control movement and sensation in the upper extremities and face, eye movements, and—in the dominant hemisphere— language.

Answer 7

middle cerebral artery (MCA)

Question 8

This artery provides circulation to the occipital lobe (including the primary visual cortex) and inferior surface of the temporal lobe

Answer 8

posterior cerebral artery (PCA)

Question 9

a stroke at this artery causes contralateral hemianopia with possible macular sparing

Answer 9

posterior cerebral artery (PCA)

Question 10

occlusion of this artery would produce lateral pontine syndrome.

Answer 10

anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)

Question 11

occlusion of this artery would produce lateral medullary, or Wallenberg, syndrome

Answer 11

posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

Question 12

involuntary facial grimacing and repetitive tongue thrusting

Answer 12

tardive dyskinesia

Question 13

tardive dyskinesia
acute dystonia (after 4 hours)
akathisia (after 4 days
bradykinesia (after 4 weeks)

Answer 13

extrapyramidal adverse effects

Question 14

serious adverse effect of Clozapine

Answer 14

agranulocytosis

Question 15

a benzodiazepine antidote

Answer 15

flumazenil

Question 16

flumazenil MOA

Answer 16

competitive inhibition of the GABA-A receptor

Question 17

a decrease in potency on the dose-response curve is seen as ?

Answer 17

a rightward shift

Question 18

septic shock, is a known complication of severe _______ infections

Answer 18

meningococcal - Neisseria meningitidis

Question 19

gram-negative bacteria possess an endotoxin known as

Answer 19

lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Question 20

produced by Streptococcus pyogenes and causes toxic shock–like syndrome

Answer 20

Exotoxin A

Question 21

Superantigens may induce a severe shock-like state in association with certain bacteria, including

Answer 21

Staphylococcus aureus and S pyogenes.

Question 22

headache
positive Kernig sign (severe stiffness of the hamstring), 
elevated WBCs, 
elevated protein, 
low glucose

Answer 22

bacterial meningitis

Question 23

Lipoteichoic acids are produced by _____ bacteria

Answer 23

gram-positive bacteria