Neuro Anatomy

Question 0

Thalamus

Answer 0

• relay station for sensory & motor info

- to and from cerebral cortex

Question 1

Diencephalon

Answer 1

-thalmus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus

Question 2

Hypothalamus

Answer 2

• controls appetite, thirst, body temp, circadian rhythms
• interacts w/ pituitary gland
• “thermostat”

Question 3

Epithalamus

Answer 3

• connects limbic system to motor pathways (commissures)
• sleep, circadian rhythms
• interacts with pineal gland, secretes melatonin

Question 4

brainstem

Answer 4

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 5

midbrain

Answer 5

• body & eye movement

- vision & hearing integration

Question 6

pons

Answer 6

• motor control

- sensory interpretation

Question 7

medulla oblongata

Answer 7

• autonomic body functions

- breathing, HR

Question 8

cerebellum

Answer 8

• composed of tonsils and arbor vitae (white matter)

- coordination of movement, posture, and balance

Question 9

frontal lobe

Answer 9

• higher level reasoning & cognitive functions
• emotional control
• motor skills
• language function & interpretation

Question 10

parietal lobe

Answer 10

-interpretation & processing of sensory stimuli

Question 11

temporal lobe

Answer 11

• primary auditory cortex
• smell, speech
• memory formation

Question 12

occipital lobe

Answer 12

-primary visual cortex

Question 13

insula lobe

Answer 13

-pain & temp sensation

Question 14

limbic system

Answer 14

-emotions & memories

Question 15

precentral gyri

Answer 15

-motor cortex

Question 16

postcentral gyri

Answer 16

-sensory cortex

Question 17

conus medularis

Answer 17

• tip of spinal cord (L1/2)

- branches into cauda equina

Question 18

cauda equina

Answer 18

• “horse’s tail”

- bundle of spinal nerves from conus medularis of spinal cord

Question 19

gray matter

Answer 19

• somas

- outer edge of SC

Question 20

white matter

Answer 20

• myelinated axons

- inside of SC

Question 21

ventral roots

Answer 21

-efferent motor root

Question 22

dorsal roots

Answer 22

-afferent sensory root

Question 23

dorsal root ganglion

Answer 23

-a cluster of nerve cell bodies in dorsal root of spinal nerve

Question 24

spinal nerves

Answer 24

• a mixed nerve that carries motor, sensory and autonomic signals
• 31 spinal nerves

Question 25

denticulate ligament

Answer 25

• provide stability for SC against motion w/in vertebral column
• pia mater of SC attach to the arachnoid and dura mater

Question 26

filum terminale

Answer 26

• a delicate strand of fibrous tissue, 20 cm long.

- gives longitudinal support to SC

Question 27

fasciculus

Answer 27

-lateral portion of SC, composed of ascending fibers that end in the nucleus cuneatus

Question 28

tract

Answer 28

-sensory and motor neuron highway in SC

Question 29

commisure

Answer 29

• a bundle of nerve fibers that cross the midline of the SC

- anterior white commissure/gray commissure

Question 30

pathway

Answer 30

-long neuronal tracts in the SC that carry motor (descending) or sensory (ascending) information

Question 31

chiasm

Answer 31

-optic chiasm?

Question 32

decussation

Answer 32

-cross over of axons

Question 33

nucleus

Answer 33

-spinal pathways

Question 34

ganglion

Answer 34

• a group of nerve cell bodies located in the PNS
• DRG, cranial nerve ganglia, autonomic ganglia
• basal ganglia-group of nuclei interconnected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and brainstem

Question 35

cortex

Answer 35

-cerebral cortex