Neuro and Respiratory

Question 1

timolol

Answer 1

glaucoma. Non selective BB that decreases aqueous humor production which decreases IOP

Question 2

acetazolamide

Answer 2

glaucoma and HF and altitude sickness. Causes diureseis and lowers IOP by decreasing aqueous humor secretion. SE flulike, GI, Na and K issues. Admin with food for GI

Question 3

ciprofloxacin with hydrocortisone

Answer 3

otitis externa (swimmers ear).

Question 4

phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine

Answer 4

rhinitis (nasal congestion). Vasoconstriction of respiratory tract mucosa. SE: Agitation, nervousness, palpitations, rebound congestion

Question 5

beclomethasone

Answer 5

asthma. alone or combo with beta 2 adrenergic agonist. Decreases inflammation. Rinse mouth with water after.

Question 6

beclomethasone category

Answer 6

inhaled clucocorticoid

Question 7

prednisone category

Answer 7

oral glucocorticoid

Question 8

prednisone indicaiton, MOA, and SE

Answer 8

Wide use: asthma, autoimmune, inflammatory. Decreases inflammation and immune response. SE: bone loss, weight gain/fluid retention, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, infection, peptic ulcers, adrenal glad suppression. Do not stop abruptly. Avoid NSAIDS

Question 9

mometasone, fluticasone, budesonide (“one”) category

Answer 9

nasal glucocorticoid

Question 10

montelukast catetory

Answer 10

leukotriene modifier

Question 11

indications and SE for montelukast (leukotriene modifier)

Answer 11

asthma and prevention of exercise induced bronchoconstriction. Decreases effect of leukotrienes which reduces airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction

Question 12

what would you use codeine for in respiratory

Answer 12

non productive cough. Decreases cough reflex. SE: sedation, respiratory depression, Gi, dependancy. Avoid alcohol and increase fiber for constipation

Question 13

guaifenesin category

Answer 13

expectorant

Question 14

guaifenesin indications and SE

Answer 14

nonproductive cough associated with respiratory infections. Reduces viscosity of secretions making coughs more productive. SE: Gi, drowsy, rash.

Question 15

acetylcysteine category

Answer 15

mucolytic

Question 16

antidote for acetaminophen poisoning

Answer 16

acetylcysteine

Question 17

indications and SE for acetylcysteine

Answer 17

pulmonary disorders with thick mucous secretions (CF). SE: bronchospasm, N/V, rash. Smells like rotten eggs and use cautiously in asthma

Question 18

diphenhydramine (1st gen) and loratadine (2nd gen)

Answer 18

antihistamines

Question 19

main SE of dypehnhydramine and loratadine (antihistamines)

Answer 19

anticholinergic effects

Question 20

inhaled anticholinergic

Answer 20

ipratropium

Question 21

indications for inhaled anticholinergic ipratropium

Answer 21

asthma, COPD. Blocks ACh receptors in airway smooth muscle causing bronchodilation. SE: dry mouth, hourseness

Question 22

theophylline category

Answer 22

xanthines

Question 23

Indications and SE of theophylline

Answer 23

Category: xanthines. Long term control of asthma and COPD. INcrease cAMP resulting in bronchodilation. SE: Gi, dysrhythmias, seizures. Not uses much due to SE and periodic serum levels are needed

Question 24

short acting beta 2 adrenergic agonist

Answer 24

albuterol

Question 25

long acting beta 2 adrenergic agonist

Answer 25

salmeterol

Question 26

indications for albuteral and salmeterol

Answer 26

asthma and COPD. Binds to bet 2 receptors in airway smooth muscles causing bronchodilation. SE: tachy, angina, tremors.

Question 27

fluticasone and salmeterol combiniation inhalation is ordered for patient with COPD. What is known about the medication

Answer 27

delivered dry powder inhaler, one puff 2 x day, promotes bronchodilation

Question 28

acute bronchospasm

Answer 28

epinephrine

Question 29

theophylline/aminophylline

Answer 29

5-15mcg/mL. Toxicity likely greater than 20 mcg. Maintenance therapy. No prescribed for seizure disoders, cardiac, renal or liver dysfunction. Increased HR, dysrhythmias, convulsions, cardiorespiratory collapse

Question 30

leukotriene antagonist montelukast is given for

Answer 30

maintenance therapy