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MED SURG FINAL > Neuro Assessment > Flashcards

Neuro Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

what is part of the central nervous system

A

brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves I and II

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2
Q

what is part of the peripheral nervous system

A

cranial nerves III-XII; spinal nerves; autonomic nervous system

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3
Q

components of the neurological system

A

cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord

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4
Q

components of the cerebrum

A

brain hemispheres, thalamus, limbic system, hypothalamus, basal ganglia

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5
Q

parts of the frontal lobe

A

pre-frontal cortex, pre-motor cortex, primary motor cortex, broca’s area

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6
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

cognitive functioning, memory, judgment

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7
Q

premotor cortex

A

head and voluntary eye movement

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8
Q

primary motor cortex

A

voluntary motor movements

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9
Q

Broca’s area

A

motor control of speech

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10
Q

parietal lobe functions

A

sensory information processing of vision, hearing, taste, and touch (where the sense come together for understanding)

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11
Q

temporal lobe functions

A

hearing, acquiring memory, short term memory, Wernicke’s area, seizures

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12
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

processing spoken words

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13
Q

occipital love functions

A

visual perception

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14
Q

parts of the cerebral limbic system

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus

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15
Q

thalamus

A

all sensory pathways with the exception of smell, conscious pain

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16
Q

hypothalamus

A

regulates hunger, temperature, thirst, and sexual arousal (tells the pituitary to release hormones)

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17
Q

hippocampus

A

converts short term to long term memories

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18
Q

cerebellum

A

balance

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19
Q

what are the parts of the brain stem

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

20
Q

what cranial nerves are connected to the midbrain

A

III and IV

21
Q

what cranial nerves are connected to the pons

A

V, VI, VII, and VIII

22
Q

what cranial nerves are connected to the medulla

A

IX, X, XI, and XII

23
Q

medulla

A

transfers messages from spinal cord and brain throughout body, breathing, heart function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing

24
Q

ascending tracts of the spinal pathway

A

carry sensory information to higher levels of CNS

25
Q

descending tracts of the spinal pathway

A

carry impulses responsible for muscle movement; pyramidal (voluntary) tract; extrapyramidal system (involuntary movement)

26
Q

dermatones

A

an area of skin that is supplied with the nerve fibers of a single, posterior, spinal root

27
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily functions, such as HR, digestion, RR, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal

28
Q

components of neuro assessment

A

mental status/LOC; behavior; cranial nerves; motor; sensory; coordination

29
Q

pain response in unconscious patients

A

painful/noxious stimuli; does the patient reflex?

30
Q

mental status

A

orientation
person, place, time, situation

31
Q

Glascow coma scale

A

LOC
less than 8 is DEAD

32
Q

cranial nerve I

A

olfactory

33
Q

cranial nerve II

A

optic (visual)

34
Q

cranial nerve III

A

oculomotor (PERRLA)
aneurysm, tumors, vasculitis

35
Q

cranial nerve IV

A

trochlear (outward, downward)
double vision when reading

36
Q

cranial nerve V

A

trigeminal
sensation (corneal reflex, disturb patient to see reflex)

37
Q

cranial nerve VI

A

abducens
assess for nystagmus, twitching, difficulty to follow gaze (EOM)

38
Q

cranial nerve VII

A

facial
face muscles (look for symmetry)

39
Q

cranial nerve VIII

A

acoustic/vestibulocochlear
Weber/Rinne’s test to test hearing loss

40
Q

cranial nerve IX/X

A

glossopharyngeal/Vagus
taste, swallowing ability, gag

41
Q

cranial nerve XI

A

spinal accessory
shrug shoulders, move head

42
Q

cranial nerve XII

A

hypoglossal
tongue movement and ability to speak

43
Q

motor function test

A

0- no movement to stimuli; 2- active movement not against gravity; 5- active movement against gravity with full resistance

44
Q

cerebellar function

A

ability to walk straight? balanced?

45
Q

what increases intracranial pressure

A

coughing, gagging, HOB, flat, pain

46
Q

what are some signs of neurological compromise?

A

change in LOC/MS; subtle changes; know baseline mental status/vitals; pupillary and vitals are very late signs

MED SURG FINAL (8 decks)

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