Neuro Concept Flashcards
(44 cards)
0
Q
Base Vs High Neuron Function
A
- Base or minimal neuron function is to tested w/ “Simple Commands”
- High Neuron function is tested w/ “Complex Commands”
1
Q
Simple Command Vs. Complex
A
- Simple commands do not cross any cortex
- Opening eyes is a “Simple Command” - Complex Commands cross cortex
- Squeeze my right hand is a “complex command”
2
Q
Symmetry in Neuro
A
- If anything happens on one side it should happen on the other side
- Asymmetry usually shows a problem
3
Q
Frontal Lobe
A
- “Mom” - Tells you what to do and “no”
- Alcohol at .05 causes loss of inhibition in frontal lobe
- Personality (Both learned and genetic)
4
Q
Frontal Lobe
-If Injury occurs
A
- Inappropriate behavior
2. May walk down the street naked not knowing its wrong
5
Q
Frontal Lobe
-Dementia
A
- Pts w/ Dementia lose their frontal lobe when the brain shrinks so the brain can preserve the survival parts of the brain
- This causes a loss of inhibition and filter in dementia patients
6
Q
Frontal Lobes
-Contralateral Control
A
- The Right pre-central gyrus controls the left side
2. The left pre-central gyrus controls the right side
7
Q
Frontal Lobes
-Pre-Central Gyrus Neurons
A
- The neurons located in the pre-central gyrus are known as upper motor neurons
8
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Wernicke’s Area
A
- Reception and interpretation of speech
- Ex: Do you understand what I am telling you
9
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Wernicke’s Aphasia
A
- Im going to the kredistan to get a prebble.. want one?
- Person talks but it comes out not making any sense
10
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Jargon Aphasia
A
- “Ca, ca, ca, ca CAH
2. Stuttering
11
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Superior Temporal Gyrus
A
- Interprets what you are hearing ( Higher cortical Function
- Tested by:
- Coins jingling in your pocket
- Clicking a pen
12
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Loss of Smell or Inhibition Could Mean?
A
- A meningioma displacing olfactory nerve (CN1) could cause:
- Loss of smell - If there is loss of inhibition the area affected could be the baso-orbital frontal lobe)
13
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Jamais Vu
A
- Familiar place becomes totally unfamiliar
14
Q
Illusions
A
- Distortion of an ongoing stimuli (Something is there)
15
Q
Hallucinations
A
- Seeing or hearing something that is NOT there
16
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Injury Manifestations?
A
- Where are you? helps assess injury to temporal lobe
- Inability to interpret sounds & speech
- Convoluted speech. Makes sense to person but comes out crazy
17
Q
Temporal Lobe
-4 F’s
A
- Self-Preservation and preservation of species “ANS”
- Fight or Flight
- Feeding & Fertility
18
Q
Temporal Lobe
-Sexual Function (Dopamine)
A
- Dopamine plays major part in pleasure centers and sexual function
- SSRI’s increase serotonin which is inversely related to dopamine
- Pt may have low levels of Dopamine decreasing sexual function & pleasure
19
Q
Parietal Lobe
-Proprioception
A
- Knowing where you are in space even with eyes closed.
- Proprioception is learned and developed - “LEARNED”
- Babies learn that their mom will return even when she disappears from view
20
Q
Parietal Lobe
-Double Stimuli
A
- Injury to parietal lobe will cause someone to only feel one stimuli even if 2 are present at the same time
21
Q
Parietal Lobe
-Children and Body Neglect
A
- Kids will always neglect their body and will recognize touch on the face
- DON”T start assessment with head of face. Start with body
22
Q
Parietal Lobe
-Neglect Syndrome in Adults
A
- Someone with Right sided parietal lobe damage will neglect the left side of their body and not recognize it as self. It will be a foreign object.
23
Q
Parietal Lobe
-Graphesthesia
A
- Ability to recognize numbers when written on the palm of the hand.
- Tattoos may give a false negative
24
Cerebellum
| -Controls What?
1. Coordination
2. Synergy
3. Balance
4. Equilibrium
5. Muscle Tone
25
Cerebellum
| -Romberg Test
1. Stand up with feet together and close the eyes
| 2. If problem is present, Pt will sway back and forth "Poor Balance"
26
Cerebellum
| -Lighting on an Object
1. Close your eyes and touch your finger to your nose
27
Cerebellum
| -Ways to Test Cerebellum Function
1. Romberg Test
2. Tandem Walk
3. Lighting on an object
4. Rapid alternating movements
5. Look for puppet-like movements
28
Cerebellum
| -Truncal Ataxia
1. Wide staggering gait
29
Cerebellum
| -Dysdiadochokinesia
1. Inability to make rapid alternating movements
30
Cerebellum
| -Dysmetria
1. Inability to light on an object
| - Ex: touching nose with finger
31
Cerebellum
| -Dysarthria
1. "scanning speech"
| - Inability to find the right words
32
Cerebellum
| -Dz that contribute to Cerebellum Damage
1. MS **
2. Down Syndrome
3. Spinocerebellar Ataxia
33
Brainstem "Bulb"
1. Cardiorespiratory Center
- C2, C3 "Hangman's Fracture = Death"
2. Ascending Reticular Activating system
34
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -CN II & III
1. Optic & Occulomotor DO NOT Regenerate
35
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -Papilledema
1. Swelling of the optic disk
- Usually means there is brain swelling
- Can also be caused by High BP
36
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -PERRL"A"
1. Accommodation
37
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -Argyll Robertson Pupil
1. Pupil that will accommodate over and over but will not react to light
-
38
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -CN III, IV, VI
1. Follow my finger (Extra-ocular movements)
| - End-positional nystagmus
39
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -CN V
1. Trigeminal
| 2. Corneal Reflex- Pt blinks when cornea is touched
40
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -CN VII
1. Facial
2. Test for Bells Palsy - Paralysis of facial muscles
- Smile, puff cheeks, frown
41
Brainstem "Bulb"
| -Bells Palsy
1. Caused by the virus usually goes away after virus is removed
- Also consider borrelia burgdorferi
42
Bell's Palsy
| -Pt Education
1. The symptoms will go away between 7 and 28 days when virus clears
43
Neurogenesis
1. Statins & Anti-Depressants boost Neurogenesis
