Neuro Conditions

Question 1

Known Causes of Benign Vertgio

Answer 1

-Idopathic
-Head injury
-Vestibular neuronitis (post-viral illness)
-Labyrinthitis (due to age-related degeneration of the labyrinth)
-Complications of mastoid/stapes surgery

Question 2

Typical sympoms of BPPV

Answer 2

Brief hyper acute onset episodes of vertigo usually lasting 30 seconds to 1 minute

Symptoms provoked by head movements such as rolling over in bed, gazing upwards (e.g. when placing an object on a shelf), bending forward (e.g. when tying shoe laces, sitting down)

Associated with nausea but not vomiting

Question 3

Test for vertigo are

Answer 3

Dix-Hallpike test positive

Question 4

Common Episodic Causes of dizziness

Answer 4

Episodic
1 Menieres (with tinnitus)
2 Vertigo
3 Arrhythmia
4 Postural Hypo
4 Migraine
5 Hyperventilation
6 drugs

Question 5

Common constant (acute) causes of dizziness

Answer 5

1 Labyrinthitis (Tinnitus)
2 drugs and alcohol
3 Vesibular neuronitis
4 Posterior CVA

Question 6

Conditions where dozziness are precipitated by head movement

Answer 6

BPPV
Labyrinthitis
Head injurys

Question 7

Central causes of vertigo are

Answer 7

Posterior Circulation Stroke
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency
vetebral artery dissection

Question 8

Peripheral Vertigo causes

Answer 8

BPPV
Menieres Disease
Vestibular neuronitis/labyrinthitis

Question 9

Differentials for BPPV

Answer 9

Meniere’s disease,
vestibular neuronitis,
labyrinthitis,
vestibular migraine

Question 10

Management for BPPV

Answer 10

Epley manoeuvre
Brandt-Daroff exercises

Speak to GP for meds such as prochlorperazine

Question 11

What to educate pt on

Answer 11

Advise the patient not to drive when they feel dizzy or if the driving provokes the episodes.

Question 12

Symptoms of menieres

Answer 12

Recurrent spontaneous vertigo (lasting between 20 mins and several hours)

Progressive or fluctuating hearing loss (sensorineural, initially affecting the low frequencies)

Tinnitus

patients may present with ongoing horizontal nystagmus