Neuro Disorders

Question 1

What is diplopia

Answer 1

Double vision

Question 2

What is hemiplagia

Answer 2

Weakness and lack of control down one side of the body

Question 3

What is dysphagia

Answer 3

Difficulty or discomfort in swallowing

Question 4

What is a TIA

Answer 4

Transient ischaemia attack

When brains blood supply is briefly interrupted

Effects last no longer than 24 hours from onset, or symptoms start to resolve within 1-20 mins

Question 5

Symptoms of TIA

Answer 5

Upper extremity clumsiness

Weakness

Parasthesias, visual field cuts

Question 6

What is concussion

Answer 6

Disruption of brain function without actual physical brain injury

Typically follows blow to head

Question 7

Symptoms of concussion

Answer 7

Headache, nausea, dizziness, amnesias, disorientation, vertigo, photophobia

Question 8

What is cerebral confusion

Answer 8

Bruising of brain tissue

Question 9

Symptoms of cerebral contusion

Answer 9

Headache, variable loss of consciousness, potentially coma with hemiparesis

Question 10

What is agnosia

Answer 10

Inability to interpret sensations/ recognise things

Question 11

What is apraxia

Answer 11

Inability to perform particular purposive actions

Question 12

What is aphasia

Answer 12

Inability or impaired ability to understand or produce speech

Question 13

Agraphia

Answer 13

Inability to write

Question 14

What is alexia

Answer 14

Inability to recognise or read written words

Question 15

What infections of the CNS are there

Answer 15

Acute bacterial meningitis

Aetiology

Question 16

What is acute bacterial meningitis

Answer 16

Acute inflammation and infection of the meninges

Question 17

What is the most severe type of infections

Answer 17

Bacterial - such as strep

Question 18

Signs and symptoms of acute bacterial meningitis

Answer 18

Headache, nausea, vomiting, seizure, photophobia, drowsiness, coma

Question 19

Where is a brain abscess most common in

Answer 19

Cerebellum

Frontal or temporal lobes of cerebrum

Question 20

What is the cause of a brain infection

Answer 20

Spread from some other nearby or distant infection

Question 21

What is the spinal cord

Answer 21

Continuation of the brain stem

Lies in the vertebrae canal of the vertebral column

Question 22

How long is the spinal cord, where does it start and end

Answer 22

45cm (1.5ft)

Starts at medulla oblongata, ends at lumbar oblongata

Question 23

What do sensory nerves do

Answer 23

Carry impulses from outside the body, travel to spinal cord and travel upward to brain for interpretation

Question 24

What is a disease of the peripheral nervous system called

Answer 24

Peripheral neuritis (peripheral neuropathy)

Question 25

What is the Myelin sheath

Answer 25

Large axon on the PNS surrounded by myelin sheath

Question 26

What does the Frontal lobe control

Answer 26

Motor Problem solving Speech production ‘Front is you. You control your mouth, your thoughts and your speech’

Question 27

What does the parietal lobe do

Answer 27

Touch perception Body orientation ‘Parietal is your parents. They touch to comfort you and carried you in their bodies’

Question 28

What does the occipital lobe do

Answer 28

Sight

Question 29

What does the cerebellum control

Answer 29

Balance and co-ordination ‘Balance = bellum’

Question 30

What does the brain stem control

Answer 30

Involuntary responses

Question 31

What does the temporal lobe control

Answer 31

Language Hearing Memory ‘Temporary memories. Language in France, hearing I love you, all memories’

Question 32

How many cervical nerves are there

Answer 32

8. | C1-C8

Question 33

How many thoracic nerves are there

Answer 33

12. | T1-T12

Question 34

How many lumbar nerves are there

Answer 34

5. | L1-L5

Question 35

How many sacral nerves are there

Answer 35

5 | S1-S5

Question 36

How many coccygeal nerves are there

Answer 36

1. | Coc 1

Question 37

How to remember spinal nerves

Answer 37

Think of st Mary’s classes 8C, 12T, 5 losers, 5 saddos and 1 cock.

Question 38

Where are Schwann cells located

Answer 38

Surround all nerve fibres in the peripheral nervous system

Question 39

What cells are most common in CNS

Answer 39

Glial cells

Question 40

How does cocaine affect CNS

Answer 40

Blocks reuptake of neurotransmitters in the neuronal synapses. Binds to dopamine, blocks normal recycling process, build up of dopamine