Neuro Disorders Due To Lesions In Specific Parts

Question 1

Anger and hostility

Answer 1

Left dorsofrontal

Question 2

Anxiety and depression

Answer 2

R orbitofrontal

Question 3

Apathy and lack of initiative

Answer 3

Dorsolateral frontal

Question 4

Facetious & socially inappropriate state

Answer 4

Orbital and medial frontal

Question 5

Greatets cognitive-intellectual deficits

Answer 5

Dorsolateral prefrontal

Question 6

Greatest personality, mood and behavioral changes

Answer 6

Medial orbitofrontal

Question 7

Witzelsucht or moria

Answer 7

Inferofrontal

Question 8

Pathological collecting behavior/ hoarding

Answer 8

Medial frontal and cingulate gyri

Question 9

Compulsive behavior, combativeness and extreme insomnia

Answer 9

Caudate-frontal connections

Question 10

Hyperactivity syndrome or organic driveness seen in children who survived encephalitis lethargica

Answer 10

Dorsolateral frontal

Question 11

Test for kinetic limb apraxia

Answer 11

3-step hand posture test of Luria

Question 12

Reduced attention to c/l visual environment

Answer 12

FEF

Question 13

Upper homonymous quadrantanopsia

Answer 13

Geniculocalcarine pathway in the central and posterior parts of temporal lobe;

Meyer’s loop

Question 14

Kluver Bucy syndrome

Answer 14

B/l temporal lobes

Question 15

Cortical or central deafness

Answer 15

B/l transverse gyri of Heschl

Question 16

Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 16

L superotemporal region

Broca 41, 42

Question 17

Auditory agnosia

Answer 17

Secondary or unimodal association zones of auditory corte

BA 22 and part of BA 21

Question 18

Amusia

Answer 18

Right > left middle temporal gyrus

Question 19

Impaired recognition of melody and of harmony

Answer 19

Right auditory cortex

Question 20

Word deafness

Answer 20

Left temporal lobe

Question 21

Vestibular disturbances

Answer 21

Superior and posterior temporal lobe, posterior to primary auditory cortex

Question 22

Korsakoff amnesic state

Answer 22

Medial temporal lobes

Question 23

Olfactory hallucinations +/- intellectual aura

Answer 23

= Uncinate fits

Uncus or medial part of temporal lobe

Question 24

Olfaction areas

Answer 24

Posterior orbitofrontal
Subcallosal
Anterior temporal
Insular cortex

Question 25

Taste sensation and alimentary function

Answer 25

Posterior insular area

Question 26

Amnesic dysnomia - defect in retrieval of words

Answer 26

Large inferolateral part of dominant temporal lobe

Question 27

Prosopagnosia

Answer 27

Bilateral ventromedial occipitotemporal regions including the inferior occipital or midfusiform gyri Or Unilateral lesion, always on the right

Question 28

Touch, pressure, pain, thermal, vibratory & position sense are lost on 1 side of the body or in 1 limb

Answer 28

Thalamic lesion and not of a parietal unless a large, acute lesion

Question 29

Gerstmann syndrome

Answer 29

Left dominant inferior parietal lobule, particularly the angular gyrusbor subjacent white matter of left hemisphere

Question 30

Visual neglect

Answer 30

Right posterior inferior parietal lobe - MCA Or Posterior medial temporal lobe - PCA

Question 31

Severe left sided visual neglect

Answer 31

Right angular gyrus - MCA

Question 32

Balint syndrome

Answer 32

Bilateral disorder of parietal lobes Or BA 19 & 7 of parietooccipital regions

Question 33

Topographagnosia

Answer 33

White mattter deepbto superior and inferior parietal lobes

Question 34

Auditory neglect

Answer 34

Right superior lobule of parietal region

Question 35

Loss of ability to identify objects

Answer 35

Bilateral temporal visual zones

Question 36

Loss of ability to locate objects

Answer 36

Posterior parietal regions

Question 37

T/F Optokinetic responses are usually spared in hemianopic deficits of occipital origin

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Anton syndrome

Answer 38

Visual anosognosia Beyond stiate cortex to involve visual association areas

Question 39

Cortical blindness

Answer 39

Bilateral BA 17

Question 40

Visual illusion of movement

Answer 40

Occipital lobes or posterior temporal lobe

Question 41

Illusion of tilting of environment or upside-down vision

Answer 41

Parieto-occipital regions or | Vestibular system

Question 42

Elementary visual hallucinations

Answer 42

Calcarine cortex - occipital

Question 43

Complex visual hallucinations

Answer 43

Visual association areas or their connections with temporal lobes

Question 44

Peduncular hallucinosis of Lhermitte

Answer 44

Ischemia in territories of PCA

Question 45

Environmental agnosia

Answer 45

Right or bilateral medial temporooccipital regions

Question 46

Central achromatopsia + prosopagnosia

Answer 46

Inferomedial, occipital and temporal and lowermost of striate cortex or optic radiation

Question 47

Color anomia

Answer 47

Medial part of left hemisphere at junction of occipital and temporal lobes just below the splenium of corpus callosum

Question 48

Visual simultagnosia

Answer 48

Inferolateral dominant occipital lobe (BA 18)

Question 49

Spelling dyslexia plus simultagnosia

Answer 49

Inferior left occipital lobe Or Bilateral superior occipital association cortices

Question 50

Visual part of disconnection syndrome

Answer 50

Posterioe part of corpus callosum or splenium

Question 51

Conduction aphasia

Answer 51

Central aphasia Arcuate fasciculus or external capsule or subcortical white matter

Question 52

Ssympathetic apraxia in Broca's aphasia

Answer 52

Fibers connecting the left and right motor association cortices, more anterior partsvof corpus callosum or subcortical white matter underlying broca's area and contiguous frontal cortex

Question 53

Pure word deafness

Answer 53

Left temporal spanning Wernicke's area Or Auditory fibers crossing corpus callosum fr c/l side Or Bilateral lesions of auditory cortex

Question 54

Akinetic mutism

Answer 54

Bilateral ventromedial frontal regions Or Fronto-diencephali connections

Question 55

Lack of motivation plus bradykinesia

Answer 55

Bipallidal lesion

Question 56

Lack of motivation plus bradyphrenia

Answer 56

Bifrontal lesions

Question 57

Reduced attention to c/l visual environment

Answer 57

Frontal eye field

Question 58

Bowel and bladder incontinence Or Frequency & urgency of urination

Answer 58

Either posterior part of superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus and intervening white matter

Question 59

Gait ataxia or gait apraxia

Answer 59

Basal ganglia and its connections with the frontal lobes

Question 60

Pseudobulbar palsy, tetraparesis

Answer 60

Bilateral motor cortices