Neuro Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Neural tube come from what? Is induced by what?

A

Neural plate, notochord

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2
Q

Neural plate comes from what type of cells?

A

Ectoderm

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3
Q

Somites adjacent to neural tube come from what type of cells?

A

Mesoderm

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4
Q

3 early formations which become forebrain, midbrain, and hind brain (around 24 days development)?

A

Prosencephalon

Mesencephalon

Rhombencephalon

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5
Q

Neural tube becomes:

A

Brain and spinal chord

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6
Q

Neural crest becomes:

A

Sensory PNS and many non neuronal derivatives.

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7
Q

Neural canal (inside the neural tube) becomes:

A

Ventricles of the brain, and central canal of the spinal chord

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8
Q

Name 3 layers of neural tube:

A

Ependymal layer: lines neural canal

Mantal layer: middle layer where neurons and glial cells will develop

Marginal layer: outer layer where axons will travel

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9
Q

Divides neural tube into alar and basal portions:

A

sulcus limitans

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10
Q

Posterior horn cells, secondary sensory cells to brain come from the:

A

Alar plate

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11
Q

Motor neurons in the anterior horn come from the:

A

Basal plate

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12
Q

Dorsal root ganglia cells come from the:

A

Neural Crest cells

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13
Q

Two types of cells in MARGINAL layer:

What do they do?

A

Oligodendrocytes (multiple axons per oligodendrocyte)
They do the myelinating as axons pass through the marginal layer ONLY in the neural tube

Astrocytes-take care of neurons, help form BBB

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14
Q

What type of cells myelinate OUTSIDE the CNS? Where do they come from?

A

Schwanns cells, from neural crest

one or more schwann cell per axon

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15
Q

What do you expect to see in a normal Babknski test in a baby? What does it mean?

A

Extension of toes. Myelination not complete.

If this happens in an adult it indicates myelin deficiency

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16
Q

Forebrain (Prosencephalon) becomes what two secondary structrues?

A

Telencephalon

 - cerebral cortex
- corpus striatum
 - olfactory bulbs

Diencephalon

 - Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
 - Epithalamus
 - Subthalamus
17
Q

Telencephalon comes from what primary structure and becomes what three terminal structures?

A

Prosencephalon (Forebrain)

  1. Cerebral cortex
  2. Corpus striatum
  3. Olfactory bulbs
18
Q

Diencephalon comes from what primary structure and becomes what tertiary structures (4)?

A

Prosencephalon

  1. Thalamus
  2. Hypothalamus
  3. Epithalamus
  4. Subthalamus
19
Q

Midbrain (Mesencephalon) becomes what secondary structure?

A

Mesencephalon

which becomes

  1. Tectum
  2. Tegmentum
  3. Cerebral peduncles
20
Q

Hind brain (Rhombencephalon) becomes what secondary structures?

A

Metencephalon

  • Pons
  • Cerebellum

Myelencephalon

-medulla

21
Q

Metencephalon comes from ________ and becomes _______ and _______.

A

Rhombencephalon, Pons, Cerebellum

22
Q

Myelencephalon comes from ________ and becomes ______.

A

Rhombencephalon, Medulla

23
Q

Name the three developmental flexures from spinal cord to telencephalon:

A

Cervical, Pontine (opposite direction), Cephalic