Neuro for Exam 1

Question 1

UMN or LMN:

Spastic paresis/paralysis in all limbs caudal to lesion

Answer 1

UMN

Question 2

UMN or LMN:

Normal postural reactions unless its a severe lesion

Answer 2

LMN

Question 3

UMN or LMN:
Wide-base stance
Ataxic
Long strides (hypermetria)
Delayed protraction of limb

Answer 3

UMN

Question 4

UMN or LMN:

Normal to Increased muscle tone

Answer 4

UMN

Question 5

UMN or LMN:

Rapid, severe muscle atrophy

Answer 5

LMN

Neurogenic atrophy

Question 6

UMN or LMN:

Normal or hyperreflexia

Answer 6

UMN

Question 7

There is a lesion at C1-C5. What signs will be seen in the TL, PL/bladder?

Answer 7

TL- UMN

PL/Bladder- UMN

Question 8

Lesion at C6-T2- what are the signs in the TL, PL/bladder?

Answer 8

TL- LMN

PL/Bladder- UMN

Question 9

Lesion at T3-L3- what signs in the TL, PL/bladder?

Answer 9

TL- Normal

PL/Bladder- UMN

Question 10

Lesion at L4-S3- what signs in the TL, PL/bladder?

Answer 10

TL- Normal

Pl/bladder- LMN

Question 11

With peripheral nerve injuries, what signs will you see?

Answer 11

Non-progressive LMN signs:
Anesthesia/Hypoesthesia of the skin innervated by the nerve
Hypo/areflexia
Hypotonicity
Neurogenic muscle atrophy

Question 12

A HBC dog comes in with miosis and protrusion of the 3rd eyelid. What condition does this dog have?

Answer 12

Brachial Plexus avulsion

Question 13

True or false:

MPNSTs most commonly affect the thoracolumbar area.

Answer 13

False- caudal cervical area (C5/6)

Question 14

A dog presents to you for chronic lameness in the right front limb. On PE/neuro, you find that the leg has severe muscle atrophy and yelps in pain when you palpate or manipulate the limb. What condition do you suspect that this dog has?

Answer 14

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

Question 15

A 4 yr old Miniature Schnauzer presents to you for lameness after going for a run with its owner. The dog is displaying LMN signs on the affected limb and does not seem to be in pain. What condition do you suspect that this dog has?

Answer 15

FCE

-Usually happens in LBD and GBD but it can affect SBD dogs, esp the mini schnauzer

Question 16

A 10 yr old GSD comes in a semi-annual PE. The owner says that the dog is starting to drag his back paws across her hardwood floor and sometimes the dog has trouble walking. You perform a neuro exam to find that the dog has increased reflexes and normal withdrawal reflexes on the hind limbs, and has conscious proprioception disparities. The dog does not seem painful. What condition do you think of?

Answer 16

Degenerative myelopathy, aka Old GSD myelopathy

Question 17

True or false:

Degenerative myelopathy can be successfully treated with corticosteroids/NSAIDs, and B vitamins.

Answer 17

False: there is no successful treatment

Good nursing care can prolong the need for euthanasia

Question 18

How is degenerative myelopathy differentiated from FCE?

Answer 18

Degenerative myelopathy is GRADUAL and FCE is acute/rapid.

Question 19

A policeman brings in his 7 year old K9 partner. He has noticed that the dog seems to be having trouble going up the stairs lately. You perform a neuro exam and find that the dog seems painful when you lift his tail. In his appearance, the dog seems slightly hunched in his hind limbs. What condition comes to mind??

Answer 19

Cauda Equina syndrome/ LS stenosis, malarticulation-malformation

Question 20

An emergency case comes in and its a 5 year old Dachshund that jumped off the couch and now can’t walk on his hind limbs. The dog seems very painful. You carefully take radiographs after getting some pain meds on board and find that there is material within the spinal canal at T12/13. What is your diagnosis?

Answer 20

Thoracolumbar IVDD

Question 21

True or False:

A dog with an indwelling catheter is more predisposed to getting a UTI.

Answer 21

True

Chances of developing a UTI go up to >50% after 4 days

Question 22

A male, intact lab comes in for back pain. The owner says that he has not been eating very well and is not acting like himself. You perform an exam and find that the dog is painful over the T3-T6 region and is running a fever of 103.
You perform radiographs and see some areas of sclerosis and spondolysis. What is the next step in figuring out a diagnosis?

Answer 22

You perform a blood culture and send out a serology for Brucella, because you suspect that this dog might have diskospondylitis from a Brucella infection.

Question 23

True or false:

Extradural neoplasms are the most common vertebral/spinal neoplasm in cats and dogs.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

True or false:

The most common primary spinal cord tumors in dogs are meningomas.

Answer 24

True, even though 14% occur in the spinal cord

Question 25

A HBC dog comes in and is in shock. You correct the hypovolemia and find that the dog has spinal cord edema. What will you use in order to reduce the edema?

Answer 25

Mannitol 20%

Question 26

What is the name of the condition where Dobermans alternatively flex and extend their pelvic limbs?

Answer 26

Dancing Doberman

Question 27

Diagnosis the condition: - Great Dane, just over 1 yr old - Growls when moving neck - Head held in low posture - Refuses to eat from his normal bowl unless the owner's elevate it. - Sometimes scuff his nails

Answer 27

Canine Wobblers/Cervical spondylomyeloapthy

Question 28

What is the most common inflammatory myopathy?

Answer 28

Canine idiopathic polymyositis