Neuro Occupational Therapy

Question 1

is the use of assessment and treatment to develop, recover, or maintain the daily living and work skills of people with a physical, mental or cognitive disorder; client centered practice that places emphasis on progress towards pt goals

Answer 1

OT

Question 2

what does OT focus on treating

Answer 2

adapting the environment, modifying tasks, teaching skill, and educating client/family to increase participation in and performance of daily activities

Question 3

who makes up the neuro rehab team

Answer 3

PT, OT, SLP, MD, RN, rec therapy, CM/social workers, neuropsych, nutritionist, pts, families

Question 4

non-skid plastic to prevent sliding

Answer 4

Dycem

Question 5

how to dress with hemiplegia

Answer 5

• putting on: dress affected side first
• taking off: take off affected side last

Question 6

what devices make up the hip kit

Answer 6

• reacher
• sponge
• long shoe horn
• dressing stick
• device to put socks on

Question 7

is adaptive driving equipment covered by insurance

Answer 7

no

Question 8

what are the 4 types of attention

Answer 8

• sustained attention
• selective attention
• divided attention
• alternating attention

Question 9

working memory, hours to months post stimulus presentation

Answer 9

short time memory

Question 10

composed of declarative and procedural memory

Answer 10

long term memory

Question 11

factual; episodic; personal events and semantics; facts about the world

Answer 11

declarative memory

Question 12

knowing how to do things (tying shoes)

Answer 12

procedural memory

Question 13

occurs when the situation is different from desired situation and the person does not immediately know what action to take

Answer 13

• problem solving

Question 14

what are the 3 higher levels of thinking

Answer 14

problem solving
reasoning
concept formation

Question 15

drawing conclusions from known or assumed facts; sequencing, categorization, deduction

Answer 15

reasoning

Question 16

what are the 5 steps to problem solving

Answer 16

• identify the problem
• define the problem
• generate possible solutions and select one
• implement preferred solution
• evaluate the outcome

Question 17

ability to analyze relationships between objects; concrete to abstract thinking

Answer 17

concept formation

Question 18

two subtypes of metaproccessing

Answer 18

executive functioning
self awareness

Question 19

volition/initiation, planning/organization, purposive action, and effective performance

Answer 19

executive functioning

Question 20

ability to process information about the self and compare to a longstanding self evaluation

Answer 20

self awareness

Question 21

how treat/interact with an individual with cognitive deficits

Answer 21

• speak slowly
• provide 1 step commands and allow pt time to process
• repetition for carryover
• put into a meaningful context
• use different types of learning - verbal, demonstration, provide written example

Question 22

things to take note of when documenting about cognition

Answer 22

document EVERYTHING you see outside of exercise and treatment
- arousal levels
- attention
- requirement of cues (verbal, tactile, physical, and how much)
- ability to follow commands (simple 1 step vs complex multi-step)
- perseverative, impulsive, labile, confabulating

Question 23

unawareness of visual denial or deficits

Answer 23

anosognosia

Question 24

can be motor or perceptual; do not acknowledge side of body

Answer 24

unilateral neglect

Question 25

awareness of body parts and positions of body parts in relation to themselves and environment (dressing apraxia, unsafe transfers)

Answer 25

body scheme

Question 26

ability to understand concepts of R and L (dressing apraxia)

Answer 26

R/L discrimination

Question 27

what are the 3 types of apraxia that can occur

Answer 27

limb constructional dressing

Question 28

inability to carry out purposeful movement in the presence of intact sensation, movement, and coordination

Answer 28

limb apraxia

Question 29

complex but disorganzied, spatial relation and poor orientation in space; constructional apraxia

Answer 29

RBD

Question 30

simplified with few details; constructional apraxia

Answer 30

LBD

Question 31

inability to dress oneself; attempts but clothes on backwards, inside out, or in the wrong order, may only dress one half of body

Answer 31

dressing apraxia

Question 32

how to tx limb ataxia

Answer 32

use manual contact, complete GMC activity, minimize VC, use chaining, ask pt to visualize action

Question 33

how to tx constructional apraxia

Answer 33

practice, use a model, use cues and progress from simple to complex; not function based, not as useful for practice application

Question 34

how to tx dressing apraxia

Answer 34

teach a pattern of dressing, cognitive cues, practice

Question 35

s/s of visual field deficit

Answer 35

- abbreviate scanning pattern - scanning pattern is organzied - re-scan is observed (redirect to impacted side) - length of time for task is appropriate

Question 36

s/s of visual neglect

Answer 36

- disorganized, random scanning pattern - asymmetrical search pattern in hemispace - scanning pattern is carried out with reduced effort and little or no rescanning - task is completed swiftly or if the pt is aware of deficit longer time is taken by individual in order to compensate

Question 37

inability to orient to or respond to stimuli from one side of the environment

Answer 37

hemi-inattention U/L neglect syndrome

Question 38

inability to orient to relevant contralateral visual stimuli

Answer 38

hemispatial visual neglect

Question 39

motor neglect, impaired initiation or execution of movement into contralateral hemispace by either limb - no standardized test, based on observation

Answer 39

hemiakinesia U/L neglect syndrome

Question 40

how to tx U/L neglect

Answer 40

- attention training - visual scanning - anchoring (light house strategy) - patching (single and half field) - prisms (must have orders from optometry) - compensation (moving non-emergent items to affected side)

Question 41

ability to distinguish the foreground from background

Answer 41

figure-ground

Question 42

judging distances, distinguish forms, and separate objects from surrounding background, important to orient environment, recognizing objects, scenes, and language

Answer 42

spatial relations

Question 43

difficulty understanding and remembering relationships of places to another, difficulty finding ones way in space

Answer 43

topegraphical disorientation

Question 44

pt's lack to recognize familiar objects

Answer 44

agnosia

Question 45

prosopangnosia

Answer 45

inability to recognize familiar faces

Question 46

detail discrimination, identification, attention, concentration, oriented to the present - concious

Answer 46

focal vision

Question 47

spatial orientation, posture, balance, movement, anticipates change - pre-concious

Answer 47

ambient vision