Neuro Outcome Measures

Question 1

Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest)

Answer 1

Looks at 6 domains
-biomechanical constraints
-stability limits
-postural responses
-anticipatory control adjustments
-sensory orientation
-dynamic balance

Question 2

Berg Balance

Answer 2

Assesses fall risk (<45/56)

Question 3

CTSIB

Answer 3

Looks at vision, somatosensory, and vestibular

Vision dependent = 2,3,5,6
Somatosensory dependent = 4,5,6
Vestib = 5,6

Question 4

DGI

Answer 4

assesses balance and gait

<19/24 = fall risk

Question 5

four square step test

Answer 5

balance and stepping in multiple directions

> 15 s = fall risk

Question 6

Fugl Meyer

Answer 6

assess balance in pts with hemiplegia

14/14 = good

Question 7

Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale

Answer 7

higher functional adults assessing balance

<26/40 = fall risk

Question 8

FGA

Answer 8

balance and gait

<23/30 = fall risk

Question 9

Functional Reach test

Answer 9

tests standing balance –> LOB

Question 9

Multi-directional reach test

Answer 9

tests LOB anteriorly, posteriorly, and laterally

Question 10

Romberg Test

Answer 10

balance and ataxia

ataxia and + romberg = sensory ataxia

Question 11

TUG

Answer 11

assesses level of mobility and balance

> 20 s = fall risk

Question 12

Tinetti (POMA)

Answer 12

fall risk

<19/28 = high fall risk
19-24 = moderate
24-28 = low fall risk

Question 13

ASIA Impairment Scale

Answer 13

A = complete; no sensory/motor
B= sensory incomplete; no motor
C= more than half of the key muscles <3/5
D = at least half of the key muscles have >3/5
E = normal sensory and motor

Question 14

modified ashworth scale

Answer 14

assesses spasticity

0 = no increase in tone
1= slight increase in tone, manifested by catch and release
1+ = slight increase, manifested by catch
2 = increased tone but easily moved through ROM
3 = considerable increase in tone, passive movement difficulty
4 = affected area stuck in flexion or extension

Question 15

FIM

Answer 15

1 = total assitance (<25% effort)
2 = maxA (25-49% effort)
3 = mod A (50-74% effort)
4 = min A (>75% of effort)
5 = SPV (set up, SBA)
6 = mod I (uses AD)
7 = ind

Question 16

GCS

Answer 16

eyes opening
-4 = spontaneous
-3 = to speech
-2 = to pain
-1 = no response

verbal response
-5 = oriented
-4 = confused conversation
-3 = inappropriate words
-2 = incomprehensible sounds
-1 = no response

motor response
-6 = follows commands
-5 = localizes
-4 = withdraws
-3 = abnormal flexion
-2 = abnormal extension
-1 = no response

Question 17

Ranchos Los Amigos

Answer 17

I = no response
II = generalized response
III = localized response
IV = confused agitated
V = confused inappropriate
VI = confused appropriate
VII = automatic appropriate
VIII = purposeful approriate

Question 18

Hoehn and Yahr

Answer 18

I = unilateral
II= bilateral
III = impaired balance
IV = AD
V = chairbound/bedbound

Question 19

Brunstrom’s Stages of Recovery

Answer 19

1 = no volitional movement
2 = basic limb synergies; spasticity beginning
3 = peak spasticity
4 = spasticity decreases
5 = further decrease in spasticity; ind from limb synergies
6 = isolated joint movements performed with coordination
7 = normal motor function restored