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neuro - pharm Flashcards

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1
Q

drugs to use in glaucoma

A 
epi (NOT IN CLOSED ANGLE)
Brimonidine
timolol, betaxolol, carteolol
acetazolamide
pilocarpine, carbachol
physostigmine, echothiphate
latanoprost
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2
Q

SE of brimonnidine

A

blurry vision, ocular hyperemia, forgein body sensation, ocular allergic reaction, ocular pruitus

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3
Q

MOA of opioid

A

opens K channels, close Ca channels to decrease synaptic tranmission

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4
Q

opiod that causes less respiratory depression

A

butoprphanol

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5
Q

tox of butorphanol

A

can cause opioid wd sx if taken with full opiod agonist

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6
Q

very weak opioid agonist that inhibits Seotinin and NE reuptake

A

tramadol

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7
Q

tox of tramadol

A

decreases seizure threshold

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8
Q

1st line for tonic-clonic sezioures

A

phenytoin, carbamazepine, valporic acid

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9
Q

1st line for complex and simple seziures

A

carbamazepine

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10
Q

1st line for absence seuires

A

ethosuximide

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11
Q

1st line for status epilepticus

A

phenytoin for prevention, benzo for acute (diazepam/lorezapam)

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12
Q

MOA of phenytoin and carbemazepine

A

increases Na channel activation

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13
Q

1st line for trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamazapine

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14
Q

non seizure uses for gabapentin

A

used for peripheral neuropathy, neuralgia, migrane prophylaxis, bipolar

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15
Q

MOA of gabapentin

A

inhibits voltage gated Ca channels

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16
Q

valproic acid MOA

A

Na channel inactivation, increases GABA

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17
Q

ethosuximide MOA

A

blocks thalmic t-type Ca channels

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18
Q

tx for eclampsia seizures

A

benzo and MgSO4

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19
Q

Tox of carbamazepine

A

diplopia, ataxia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, liver tox, SIADH, stevens-johnson

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20
Q

tox of ethosuximide

A

GI distress, fatigue, headache, stevens-johnson

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21
Q

tox of phenytoin

A

gingval hyperplasia, hirsuitism, SLE-like syndrome,sedation, nystagmus

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22
Q

tox of valpoic acid

A

GI distress, rare but fatal heptotox, tremor and weight gain

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23
Q

seziure drug NOT to be used in pregnancy

A

valproic acid

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24
Q

gabapentin tox

A

sedation, ataxia

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25
MOA of barbos
facilitate GABA action by increasing duration of Cl-channel opening
26
contraindications of barbos
porphyria, EtOH use
27
MOA of benzos
faciliate GABA action by increasing frequency of Cl- channel opening
28
use of benzos,
anxiety, spasticity, status elipticus, EtOH detox,
29
treat OD of benzo with
flumazenil
30
non benzo hypnotics
zolpidem, zalaplon, eszoplicone
31
MOA of non benzo hypnotics
act via BZ1 subtype of GABA receptor
32
property of potent anesthetics
lipid solulability, 1/MAC
33
MAC def.
minimum alveolar concentration that 50% of population is anethestized
34
effects of inhaled anesthetics
myocardial/resp depression, n/v, higher cerebral blood flow
35
tox of halothane
hepatotix
36
tox of methoxyflurane
nephrotox
37
tox of enflurane
proconvulsant
38
tox of all inhaled anethetics
malignant hyperthermia (not NO)
39
high potency, rapid effect anesthetic with short duration
thiopental (Barbo)
40
use of thiopental
induction and short procedures
41
use of midzolam
endoscopy
42
tox of midzolam
severe resp depression, low BP, and amnesia
43
use of propofol
sedation in ICU, rapid inductin, short procedures (less nausea than thipental)
44
Local anethetic esters
procaine, cocaine, tetracaine (one I)
45
local anesthetic amides
anything with 2 Is
46
MOA of local anesthetics
Blocks Na channels FROM THE INSIDE of the channel. preferentially bind actiaved Na channels.
47
given with local anethetics to increase local action
epi
48
problem with giving local anesthetics to infected tissue
infected tissue is acidic. The drugs are alkaline, so can't penetrate the membrane and you have to give more
49
nerves that are blockaded first
small-diameter and myelnated fibers (order of loss: Pain, temp, touch, pressure
50
tox of local anesthetics
CNS excititaion, CV tox, nypertension, hypotension
51
Tox of bupivicane
Cardiotox
52
depolarizing neuromusclular blocker
succinocholine
53
MOA of succinylcholine
strong ACh receptor agonist - produces sustained depolarization and prevents muscular contraction
54
antidote for phase II succ
neostigmine
55
nondepolarizing NM blockers
tubocurarine, -curiums, s
56
nondepolarizing NM blockers MOA
competitive ACh blockers
57
reversal of nondepolarizing NM blockers
neostigmine edrophonium and cholinesterase inhibitors
58
use of dantrolene
reverse malignant hyperthermia and neuroleptic malignint syndrome
59
parkinson dopamine agonists
bromocriptine, pramipexole
60
parkinson dopamine increasers
amantadine, L-dopa/carbidopa
61
parkinson drugs to decrease breakdown of dopamine
selegilinem entcaponem tolacapone
62
parkinson drugs to curb excess cholingernic activity
benztropine
63
tox of amantadine
ataxia
64
tox of l-dopa/carbipoda
arythmias, long term dyskinesias
65
tox of selegiline
may enhance L-dopa adverse effects
66
MOA of selegiline
MAO-B inhibitor (slows metabolism of dopamine)
67
MOA of memantine
NMDA receptor antagonist, prevents Ca++ exitotox
68
SE of memantidine
dizziness, confusion, hallucinations
69
MOA of donezepil, galantamine, rivastigmine
AChE inibitors
70
tox of AChE inhibitors for alzheimers
Nausea, dizziness, insomnia
71
tx for huntington's
tetrabenzine/reserpine (inhibit VMAT release of dopamine) | haldol (dopamine receptor antagonist)
72
tox of sumatriptan
coronary vasospasm

Step 1 - Pharm (17 decks)

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