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Neuro Virus Flashcards

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1
Q

Rabies virus family

A

Rhabdo- negative ssRNA virus with enveloped helical capsid that carries an RNA dependent RNA polymerase

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2
Q

rabies transmission

A

saliva

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3
Q

number 1 carrier of rabies in KY

A

skunk

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4
Q

two types of rabies

A

encephalic or paralytic

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5
Q

rabies vaccine (Pasteur)

A

inactivated vaccine from neural tissue, which can lead to anti-myelin issues

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6
Q

rabies vaccine US

A

inactive or whole killed vaccine from chicken or duck eggs. 0,7,21,28 schedule- less issues

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7
Q

who gets rabies PEP

A

vets, researchers, endemic country travelers to countries with the spinal cord vaccine

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8
Q

Tick Vector Arboviruses

A

Colorado tick virus, Poswassan virus, Tick Borne Encephalitits

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9
Q

Colorado Tick fever

A

Reovirus- febrile biphasic, Kids get encephalitis and adults get prolonged fatigue

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10
Q

Mosquito Vector Arboviruses

A

Lacross/ California Ecncephalitits, Easter and Western Equine Virus, St. Louis Encephalitits, West Nile Virus, japanese Encephalitits, Yellow Fever, Dengue, Zika, Chikanguya

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11
Q

La Cross/ California Encephalitits

A

Bunya virus. Most severe is under 16 years old. Neuroinvasive

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12
Q

Eastern and Western Equine Virus

A

Toga virus, increased case fatality. Seizures, personality disorders, intellectual impairment

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13
Q

St. Louis Encephalitits-

A

Flavivirus- children get meningitis and adults get encephalitis.

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14
Q

West Nile Virus

A

flavi virus- peak is in July to October- Neuroinvasivness increases with age. Encephalitis or acute flaccid myelititis, meningitis

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15
Q

Yellow Fever

A

flavivirus, hits the second zone of the liver, can bleed for various sites. Black vommit. Congo and Brazil are endemic

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16
Q

yellow fever vaccine

A

live attenuated vaccine. Self limited encephalitis or viscerotropic reaction from underlying disease state

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17
Q

Dengue

A

flavi virus first time is asymptomatic, but when infected again get severe infection from the increase in availability of monocyte to infect which increases the viral load

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18
Q

Zika

A

flavi virus- causes Gillian barre and birth defect. Fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis increase risk of first trimester. Spreads through mosquito or sex

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19
Q

Chickunguanya

A

explodes once population is no longer immune. Severe joint pain is the major symptoms

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20
Q

Picorna virus

A

RNA virus with positive sense RNA naked. Early summer and fall

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21
Q

which type of cells are most important to clearing picorna

A

B cells

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22
Q

asymptomatic polio

A

no clear signs of infection

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23
Q

abortive polio

A

majority of symptomatic disease. Incubation 9-12 days. Fever, headache, malaise, sore throat, vomiting. Usually only suspect polio during an outbreak. Sickness lasts les than a week and complete recovery

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24
Q

non-paralytic polio

A

aseptic meningitis- just like the minigitis cuased by other enterovirus. Have the symptoms of abortive poliomyelitis but perhaps a bit more severe and have symptoms of neck, back and limb.
• There is no paralysis, symptoms last 2-10days

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25
paralytic polio
have symptoms of abortive poliomyletitis, defervescence and then symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitits 2-5 days later. Adults don’t have biphasic course but prolonged prodromal stage. The virus travels through the peripheral nerves to the CNS or crosses the blood brain barrier for the entry into the CNS. The virus replicates in the motor neurosn of the anterior horn of the brain stem. The destruction of the neurons also leads to inflammation and influx of immune cells. The virus does not replicate in the muscle.
26
spinal polio
motor neurons are lost so decreased reflexes and flaccid paralysis
27
bulbar polio
CN involvement with polio
28
post- polio
new motor recruitment overtime so less motor weakness but distributed differently
29
Salk vaccine
inactivated but no mucosal immunity so spread of disease
30
Sabin vaccine
oral live attenuated vaccine- gut inactivates it so no spread, but can get polio
31
which type of picorna virus causes polio
polio, E71
32
which type of picorna meningitis/encephalitis
Coxsackie A and B, echo
33
which type of picorna myocarditits
Coxsackie B
34
which type of picorna pleurodynia
Coxsackie B- intercostal inflammation
35
which type of picorna virus causes HFMD
Coxsackie A and EV71
36
which type of picorna virus causes herpangina
Coxsackie A- painful ulcerated soft palate
37
which type of picorna virus causes respiratory
Ev68 and others
38
Which type of picorna virus causes acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
EV 70, Coxsackie A- very contagious in crowded areas
39
which type of picorna virus causes generalized infection of newborns
echo, coxsackie B- fulminant hepatitis or myocarditis
40
Bunya
segmental, helical virus, negative sense RNA virus, enveloped
41
Crimean Congo Fever
Bunya, tick bites from infected livestock.
42
Rift Valley Fever
mosquitos to animal to human- meningoencephalitis
43
Hantavirus US form
US is the pulmonary from inhaled rat dropping. Damage to endothelial cells so there is vascular leaking. Virus does not kill the endothelial cells
44
Hantavirus European
it is the renal form, and it causes endothelial damage but not vascular leaking occurs
45
Arena Virus
LCMV and Lassa
46
LCMV
from mouse droppings can cause lots of miscarriages
47
Lassa
very fatal during pregnancy Mild is general weakness, fever, malaise can go to hypertension and shock. Hearing loss is the most common. Its from rate urine or exposure to body fluids.
48
Filovirus
SSRNA negative, helical, enveloped
49
Marburg
uganda strain may be from the fruit bat
50
Ebola transmission
through touching dead or highly viremic patients tends to duo from bats.
51
ebola symptoms
fever, fatigue, muscle pain, vomitting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hemorrhage
52
ebola pathophysiology
infects and kills endothelial and organ cells causing shock and electrolyte imbalances
53
ebola sequelae
can effect eyes, MSK pain, abdominal pain
54
TORCH infections
infections acquired in utero/during birth causing fetal and neonatal mortality and contribute to childhood morbidity. Toxoplasmosis, other (syphillis, parvo B19, VZV), rubella, CMV, HSV
55
congenital manifestations of CMV
periventricular intracranial calficifactions, microcephaly, thrombocytopenia
56
congenital manifestations of herpes simplex
mucocutaneous vesicles or scarring, CSF pelocytosis, thrombocytopenia, elevated lvier transmainases, conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis
57
congenital manifestations rubella
cataracts, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, congenital heart disease, radiolucent bone disease, sensorineural hearing loss
58
congenital syphillis
skeletal abnormalities, pseudoparalysis, persistent rhinitis, maculopapular
59
congential toxoplasmosis
intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis, unexplained mononucelar CSF pleocytosis or elevated CSF protein
60
congenital varicella
cicatricial or vesicular skin lesions, limb hypoplasia
61
toxoplasmosis buzz words
hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, purpura, intracranial calcifcations, chorioretinitis, , may develop symptoms laetrile chorioreitinitis or vision loss, intellectual disability, deafness, seizures, motor and cerebellar dysfunction
62
CMV buzz words
petichiaw, blueberry muffin rash jaundice, choriorenitinits
63
CMV lab studies
CMV n the DNA, isolation of virus in the urine and saliva
64
CMV sequela
hearing loss, microcephaly, intracranial calcifications and chorioretinitis
65
congenital rubella
bilateral cataracts, salt and pepper retina, purpuric rash, usually more defects in first trimester. Structural cardiac and eye defects
66
Congenital Varicella
low birth weight, moderate fever, body aches, reddish papillose, lower extremity scarring, hypopplastic toes, serizures
67
congenital varicella physical finding
cicatricial scarring, hypoplastic
68
congenital syphillus
maculopapular rash, peeling lesions on palms, hepatosplenomegaly, palpable LN. Many are asymptomatic at birth. Moth eaten bones
69
which lymphadenopathy is suggestive of congenital syphillus
epitrochlear lymphadenopathy
70
Late congenital signs
frontal bossing, saddle nose, snuffles, circumroal rash, Hutchinson teeth (notched), intersitital keratitis
71
neonatal HSV
bullous lesions with erythematous bases, large areas of denuded skin over lower back and butt, symmetric growth restriction, redness in the eyes, redness, periventricular calcifications, seizure
72
disseminated symptoms of HSV neonatal
fever/hyperthermia
73
parvovirus B19 fifth disease during pregnancy
can cause hydrops fetalis.
74
hepatitis B what to do if the baby is born
treat with hep B vaccine.
75
what to do if the baby is born with HIV
start wit zidovudine within 6-12 hours
76
fried egg cells
oligodendroma
77
Negri bodies
rabies
78
intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions
measles post encephalitis
79
methylmalonic acid
causes B12 neuropathy peripherally
80
NPH
wet, wobbly, wacky
81
physiostigmine
helps to increase stop the antimuscarinic by giving the anticholinesterase
82
menactra
it does not cover B capsule
83
diffuse muscle- rusty nail
tetanus- neutoxic inhibition of the inhibitory neurons in the CNS
84
kid, headache, vomiting ataxia, enhancing cerebellar mas, small blue cell tumor, Homer- Wright rosettes
medulloblastoma
85
fried egg appearance
oligodendroma- myelination of the CNS
86
Psammoma bodies and whorls
meningioma
87
liver enzymes increased and coffee ground vomit
yellow fever- mosquito vector
88
LMN signs
fasiculation, decreased reflexes, atrophy
89
L4
illiopsoas and quadriceps, decreased patella reflex, sensory anmormal, keen and medial lower leg
90
L5
weak dorsiflexion, big toe, for version and inversion, sensory on dorm of the foot and big toe
91
S1
achilles reflex- lateral foot, small toe, bottom of the foot
92
T4
nipple
93
T10
umbilicus
94
thiamine deficiency
confusion, opthalamoplegia, ataxia, amnesia
95
folate deficiency
macrocytic anemia, cognitive impairment, depression
96
copper deficiency
myeloneuropathy, long tracts effected, dorsal collumns, neuropathy
97
zinc toxicity
it causes copper deficiency
98
vitamine E deficiency
myopathy, spinocerebellar ataxia, neuropathy
99
cape like distribution of loss of pain and temperature
syringomyelia
100
anterior cord syndrome
ischemic lesions of posterior column is spared
101
subacute combined degeneration
B12 is the cause damage to the dorsal collumn
102
tensilon test
Myasthenia Gravis testing
103
oligoclonal bands on the CSF
MS
104
PML
altered mental status and focal neurons. Increase protein and normal glucose in the CSF. JC virus of suppressed people
105
Huntington
CAG repeats in the gene
106
modafidil
narcolepsy to help stay awake
107
stigmines
used to treat myasthenia gravis
108
narcolepsy type 1
has cataplexy and deficiency of hypoxcein, and orcein. lose muscle tone after emotional stimulus
109
narcolepsy type 2
without cataplexy
110
Na channel blocker AED
lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin
111
GABA blocker AED
benzos and barbituates
112
K channel blocker AED
retigabine- turns people blue
113
Ca channel blocker AED
ethosuximide, gabapentin
114
synaptic protein modulation AED
levetiricetam
115
trigmeninal cephalgia
lamotrigine
116
cluster headache treatment
o2 and prednisone
117
pentamidine
used for sleeping sickness and pneumocystis jerovicci
118
endemic polio countries
Nigeria, Pakistan, Afghanistan
119
C5
the deltoid
120
C6
biceps
121
C7
the triceps
122
C8
the small muscles of the hand
123
treatment of Restless Leg Syndrome
Remove offending agents Caffeine, alcohol, benadryl, SSRIs/SNRIs Check for a nonanemic iron deficiency with serum ferritin level Try gabapentin or dopamine agonists (ropinirole, pramipexole)
124
idiopathic hypersomnia
sleep inertia, autonomic behavior, long naps are unrefreshing
125
narcolepsy treatment
Stimulants (modafinil/armodafinil) Sedative hypnotics (sodium oxybate, benzodiazepines) SSRIs/TCAs
126
medications that can disrupt sleep
beta blockers, gabapentin, opiates, neuroepiletics, diphenhydramine, SSRI, Alcohol, opiotes, msucle relaxants, alcohol

Neuro Virus (1 decks)

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