neuroanatomy Flashcards
(56 cards)
1
Q
A
frontal lobe
2
Q
A
motor cortex
3
Q
A
somatosensory cortex
4
Q
A
parietal lobe
5
Q
A
occipital lobe
6
Q
A
cerebellum
7
Q
A
spinal cord
8
Q
A
brainstem
9
Q
A
temporal lobe
10
Q
A
olfactory bulb
11
Q
what parts of the brain are responsible for higher level thinking
A
cerebellum and higher
12
Q
what parts of the brain are responsible for basic life functioning
A
root and below
13
Q
frontal lobe primary cortical area and functions
A
- motor
- executive function
- speech production
14
Q
parietal lobe primary cortical area and functions
A
- sensory integration for motor planning (praxis)
- calculation, writing, spatial awareness , dressing
15
Q
temporal lobe primary cortical area and functions
A
- hearing
- memory, semantics, recognition, speech comprehension
16
Q
occipital lobe primary cortical area
A
vision
17
Q
broca’s area function
A
expressive language
18
Q
broca’s area location
A
frontal lobe
19
Q
wernicke’s area function
A
receptive language
20
Q
wernicke’s area location
A
temporal lobe
21
Q
does a deep stroke cause more or less damage
A
more
22
Q
deep structures
A
- basal ganglia
- thalamus
- hypothalamus
23
Q
basal ganglia function
A
- coordination of movement
- extra-pyramidal motor system
24
Q
thalamus function
A
connected to cortical areas involved in sensory, motor, and limbic functions
25
hypothalamus function
maintains internal homeostasis (temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, blood vessel constriction/dilation)
26
amygdala function
processing center for emotions
27
brainstem parts
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla
- cranial nerve nuclei
- reticular formation
28
damage to the cerebellum leads to...
jerky movements
29
cerebellum function
- coordination
- balance
30
upper motor neuron lesion symptoms
- increased tone (spastic)
- brisk reflexes: ankle clonus, upgoing plantars
- pyramidal weakness
- no fasciculations
- minimal muscle wasting
31
lower motor neuron lesion symptoms
- normal or decreased tone (flaccid)
- depressed reflexes: downgoing plantars
- flaccid weakness
- muscle wasting
- fasciculations
32
cranial nerves
I olfactory
II optic
III oculomotor
IV trochlear
V trigeminal
VI abducens
VII facial
VIII vestibulocochlear
IX glossopharyngeal
X vagus
XI accessory
XII hypoglossal
33
olfactory nerve
- smell
- implications for taste
34
optic nerve
- vision
- light reflex
35
oculomotor nerve
eye movements (medial, superior, inferior)
36
trochlear nerve
eye movements (look at nose)
37
trigeminal nerve
- facial sensation and jaw movements
- sensory to most of the face and buccal mucosa (V1, V2, V3)
- motor to muscles of mastication (V3)
38
abducens nerve
eye movements (lateral)
39
facial nerve
- motor (muscles of facial expression)
- sensory (taste of anterior 2/3 of the tongue)
- autonomic (submandibular and sublingual glands)
40
vestibulocochlear nerve
hearing and balance
41
glossopharyngeal nerve
"gag and taste"
- sensory (to pharynx and taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue)
- motor to stylopharyngeus (elevates larynx and pharynx)
- parotid gland for secretion of saliva
42
vagus nerve
"I lost my voice in Vagus"
- breathing, circulation, and digestion
- motor (pharynx, vocal cords, soft palate, upper esophagus)
- sensory (larynx)
- other branches to GI tract and heart
43
accessory nerve
movements of the neck and back muscles (trapezius and sternocleidomastoid)
44
hypoglossal nerve
"we like to move it, move it"
- tongue movements
45
trigeminal nerve branches
- V1 opthalmic
- V2 maxillary
- V3 mandibular
46
unilateral paralysis of hypoglossal nerve results in...
wasting and deviation of the tongue to the affected side (strong side dominates)
47
cranial nerves responsible for speech and swallowing
- V trigeminal nerve
- VII facial nerve
- IX glossopharyngeal nerve
- X vagus nerve
- XII hypoglossal nerve
48
pyramidal system types of dysarthria
- flaccid
- spastic
- e.g. MND
49
extrapyramidal system types of dysarthria
- hyperkinetic
- hypokinetic
- e.g. Huntington's, Parkinson's
50
cerebellar system types of dysarthria
- ataxic
- e.g. MS
51
pyramidal system function
power source for movement (on/off)
52
extrapyramidal system function
amount of power (too little or too much)
53
cerebellar system function
dimmer switch
54
why won't repetition help MND
on/off switch vs. strengthening
55
cranial nerve mneumonic (names)
On
Occasion
Our
Trusty
Truck
Acts
Funny
Very
Good
Vehicle
Any
How
56
cranial nerve mneumonic (function: sensory, motor, both)
Some
Say
Marry
Money
But
My
Brother
Says
Big
Brains
Matter
More
