Neuroanatomy

Question 1

What does CNS mean?

Answer 1

Central Nervous System

Question 2

What does PNS mean?

Answer 2

Peripheral Nerous System

Question 3

What are the seven regions of the brain?

Answer 3

Cerebral hemisphere

Diencephalon

Midbrain

Pons

Medulla Oblongata

Spinal Cord

Cerebellum

Question 4

Lable the seven regions of the brain

Answer 4

Question 5

What do Neurons do?

Answer 5

1. Receive information
2. Intergrate information
3. Transmit electrical pusles to another neuron or effector cell

Question 6

What are Glial cells?

Answer 6

Support cells for the neurons

Question 7

What do astrocytes do?

Answer 7

Support

Maintain blood brain barrier

enviromental homeostasis

Question 8

What type of cell is this?

Answer 8

Astrocyte

Question 9

What cells produce myelin in the central nervous system ( but not the PNS)?

Answer 9

Oligodendrocytes

Question 10

What are microglia?

Answer 10

Cells of similar lineage to macrophages

responsible for immune monitoring and antigen presentation in the brain

Question 11

What type of cell is this?

Answer 11

Microglia

Question 12

What are Ependymal cells and where do you find them?

Answer 12

Ciliated cuboidal columnar epithelium that line the ventricles

Question 13

What are the small cracks called?

Answer 13

Sulcus ( plural sulci)

Question 14

What are the blocks called

Answer 14

Gyrus (plural gyri)

Question 15

What are the deep cracks called?

Answer 15

Fissures

Question 16

Name this structure

Answer 16

Posterior Columns

Question 17

Name this sturcture

Answer 17

Posterior Dorsal Horn

Question 18

Name all the arrows

Answer 18

Posterior horn

Posterior columns

Lateral Columm

Anterior column

Anterior horn

Question 19

Name the Different features of the brain shown below

Answer 19

Question 20

What are the diferent parts of the brain shown here

Answer 20

Question 21

What are the different parts of the brain shown here?

Answer 21

Question 22

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 22

Dura mater

Arachnoind Mater

Pia Mater

Question 23

What are the 4 lobes of the Cerebral Hemispheres?

Answer 23

Frontal lobe

Parietal Lobe

Temporal Lobe

Occipital Lobe

Question 24

What are the names of the arteries

Answer 24

Question 25

Where do the dural venous sinuses drain in to?

Answer 25

Internal Jugular vein.

Question 26

Lable the venous drainage of the brain

Answer 26

Question 27

How does the spinal cord taper off ?

Answer 27

Terminates in a tapered cone called the **conus medullaris** continues as the thin connective cord called the **filum terminale**

Question 28

Where does the filum terminale attatch on to?

Answer 28

The dorsum of the coccyx

Question 29

What does the denticulate ligament do?

Answer 29

its a ribbon of tissue on the lateral aspects of the spinal cord which attatch to the dura at points along the length of the cord .

Question 30

What is the denticulate ligament made off?

Answer 30

Pial and arachnoid tissue

Question 31

What is the spinal cord made of ?

Answer 31

Outer layer of white matter Inner "H" shaped layer of grey matter

Question 32

What are the four columns of the spinal cord?

Answer 32

Question 33

What do you find the lateral horns?

Answer 33

spinal segements T1 to L2

Question 34

What is found inside the lateral horns?

Answer 34

Preganglionic Sympathetic neurons

Question 35

What are the three aterial supplies to the spinal cord?

Answer 35

Three major longitudinal arteries Segmental Arteries Radicular Arteries

Question 36

What is the epidural space?

Answer 36

The space between the dura of the spinal cord and the bone. It is ustilized in epidural anaesthesia

Question 37

What is useful to remember about the ratio of white matter to grey matter in the spinal cord?

Answer 37

As you go down the cord the white matter occupies a smaller proportion of the cord

Question 38

What signals does the dorsal column deal with?

Answer 38

Fine touch and conscious proprioception

Question 39

What does proprioception mean?

Answer 39

A sense or perception, usually at a subconscious level, of the movements and position of the body and especially its limbs, independent of vision;

Question 40

how are somatotopic organisation of the motor nureurons mapped on to the cortex?

Answer 40

Feet Legs Arms Hands Face

Question 41

What does the Corticospinal Tract do?

Answer 41

Fine precise movements particulary of distal limb muscles

Question 42

What does the Tectospinal Tract do?

Answer 42

Mediates reflex head and neck movements due to visual stimuli