Neuroanatomy Overview

Question 1

What does falx cerebri separate?

Answer 1

hemispheres of cerebrum

Question 2

What does tentorium cerebelli separate?

Answer 2

cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 3

Where does falx cerebelli run?

Answer 3

on either side of cerebellum

Question 4

Telencephalon develops into what adult brain structures?

Answer 4

cerebrum

Question 5

Diencephalon develops into what adult brain structures?

Answer 5

thalamus, hypothalamis, epithalamus, retina

Question 6

Mescencephalon develops into what adult brain structures?

Answer 6

brain stem: midbrain

Question 7

Metencephalon develops into what adult brain structures?

Answer 7

brain stem: pons

Question 8

Myelencephalon develops into what adult brain structures?

Answer 8

brain stem: medulla oblongata

Question 9

Telencephalon functions

Answer 9

(cerebral cortex)
-motor, sensory, perception

Question 10

Diencephalon functions

Answer 10

(thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus)
-sensory integration, autonomic coordination, homeostasis (temperature, hunger, sleep (pineal gland), hormonal)

Question 11

Mesencephalon functions

Answer 11

(midbrain: brainstem)
-motor movement, auditory and visual reflexes

Question 12

Metencephalon

Answer 12

(pons: brainstem)
-relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, sleep

Question 13

Cerebellum functions

Answer 13

-coordination of motor movements

Question 14

Myelencephalon functions

Answer 14

(medulla: brainstem)
-respiration and circulation

Question 15

Spinal cord functions

Answer 15

-connects peripheral nervous system with brain (sensory in, motor out)

Question 16

Frontal lobe functions

Answer 16

-motor/planning

Question 17

Parietal lobe functions

Answer 17

-sensory

Question 18

Temporal lobe functions

Answer 18

-auditory

Question 19

Occipital lobe functions

Answer 19

-visual

Question 20

Medulla functions

Answer 20

-respiration and circulation

Question 21

Olfactory bulb functions

Answer 21

-olfaction

Question 22

Optic chiasm functions

Answer 22

-decussation of optic nerve/fibers

Question 23

Optic tract functions

Answer 23

-visual pathway

Question 24

Piriform cortex functions

Answer 24

-olfactory cortex

Question 25

Pons functions

Answer 25

-relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control

Question 26

Tectum functions

Answer 26

(part of midbrain) -visual (rostral) and auditory (caudal) reflexes

Question 27

What type of learning is the cerebellum important for?

Answer 27

learning of motor behaviors

Question 28

What does the cerebellum coordinate?

Answer 28

voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and eye movements -results in smooth and balanced muscular activity -regulates movement

Question 29

Where does the cerebellum receive information from?

Answer 29

sensory systems -spinal cord and brain

Question 30

Thalamus functions

Answer 30

relay nucleus, sensory integration and processing

Question 31

Hypothalamus functions

Answer 31

homeostasis (temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep), autonomic and pituitary coordination

Question 32

Midbrain functions

Answer 32

motor movement, motivation, auditory and visual reflexes

Question 33

Pons functions

Answer 33

relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, CN V, CN VI, CN VII, CN VIII, chewing/swallowing, sleep

Question 34

Medulla functions

Answer 34

involuntary, ANS control, respiration, circulation, heart rate, blood pressure, digestion

Question 35

CSF functions

Answer 35

-cushions the brain: protection and buoyancy -removes waste: glymphatic system -regulates and distributes neuroendocrine factors

Question 36

Subarachnoid cisterns

Answer 36

occur in areas where the arachnoid and pia are more widely separated -cerebellomedullary cistern -lumbar cistern

Question 37

Hippocampus functions

Answer 37

learning and memory

Question 38

Amygdala functions

Answer 38

fear and emotion

Question 39

Spinal cord: dorsal horn

Answer 39

sensory

Question 40

Spinal cord: ventral horn

Answer 40

motor

Question 41

Spinal cord: lateral horn

Answer 41

primarily thoracic, sympathetic nervous system of ANS