Neurocranium

Question 1

frontal

Answer 1

front most bone of the neurocranium

Question 2

surpaorbital notch/foramen

Answer 2

notch/hole in eyebrow bone

Question 3

supercilliary arches

Answer 3

eyebrow arches bone

Question 4

lacrimal fossa

Answer 4

indentation inside the orbital for the lacrimal gland duct

Question 5

supraorbital nerve

Answer 5

goes through supraorbital notch

Question 6

ethmoid notch

Answer 6

for olfatory nerves to smell

Question 7

function of the frontal

Answer 7

forms the anterior cranial fossa to support and protect the frontal lobe

Question 8

frontal is _____ type of bone

Answer 8

dermal bone

Question 9

development of frontal

Answer 9

develops in utero to from 2 separate ossification centers,

divided by metopic suture

Question 10

metopic suture

Answer 10

between to sides of the frontal

Question 11

portions of frontal

Answer 11

squamous, orbital and nasal

Question 12

parietal

Answer 12

a pared bone that articulates at the sagittal suture

Question 13

temporal lines

Answer 13

for the temporalis muscle (for chewing)

Question 14

middle meningeal arteries

Answer 14

attaches to the inside of the parietals and has a groove in which it sits

Question 15

sagittal sinus

Answer 15

see diagram

Question 16

parietal eminence

Answer 16

only present in adults but origianally an ossification center from which each parietal (dermal bone) develops in utero

Question 17

occipital

Answer 17

back of skull; both dermal and endochondral; single midline bone

Question 18

foramen magnum

Answer 18

large hole in center of occipital

Question 19

hypoglossal canal

Answer 19

comes from foramen magnum and goes under occipital condyle

Question 20

occipital condyle

Answer 20

has 2 pieces (1 on each side and is anterior to the foramen magnum)

Question 21

jugular foramen

Answer 21

largeish holes lateral to the foramen magnum

Question 22

function of occipital

Answer 22

forms the posterior cranial fossa and protects the cerbellum (visual info prcessed there)

Question 23

devel of the occipital

Answer 23

four portions:
1-basilar part
2-lateral parts (2 of them)
3- central squamous portion
4- lateral squamous portions
3&4 are dermal from a single ossification center
1 and 2 are endochondral (cartilage that calcifies)

Question 24

foramen magnum placement

Answer 24

in center in humans because were bipedal

Question 25

temporal

Answer 25

paired bone at side that includes ear area and cheekbone

Question 26

zygomatic arch

Answer 26

cheekbone

Question 27

mastoid process

Answer 27

attaches to mastoid area posterior to auditory meati

Question 28

glenoid fossa

Answer 28

holds mandible in place

Question 29

carotid canal

Answer 29

area/hold that ineranl carotid artery goes through that is lateral to foramen magnum

Question 30

ear ossicles

Answer 30

stapes, incus and malleus | malleus attaches to ear drum while stapes is deeper and attaches to inner ear. incus is right between

Question 31

devel. of temporal

Answer 31

squamous portion is dermal, petorus and mastoid portions are endochondral, styloid process and ear ossicles come from branchial arches

Question 32

sagittal suture

Answer 32

between 2 parietal bones; separates left from right

Question 33

coronal suture

Answer 33

separates frontal from parietals; separates front from back

Question 34

labdoid suture

Answer 34

shaped like lambda, separates parietals from occipital

Question 35

metopic suture

Answer 35

ususally not present in adults but separates frontals/is where they articulate

Question 36

squamosal sutures

Answer 36

separates temporal from parietal

Question 37

dermal bones made from what...?

Answer 37

mesenchyme

Question 38

endochondral bones made from...?

Answer 38

cartilage

Question 39

why are sutures present?

Answer 39

they are joints that allow for growth via bone deposition at their edges; deposition is in response to forces exerted by growing brain

Question 40

fontanelles

Answer 40

soft spots | membranous gaps between growing cranial bones

Question 41

important fontanelles

Answer 41

anterior fontanel (last to close over) sphenoid fontanel mastoid fontanel posterior fontanel

Question 42

sinuses

Answer 42

cavities within certain bones around the nasal cavity that are lines with mucous membranes

Question 43

how are sinuses formed

Answer 43

through excavation of bone by air-filled sacs from the nasal cavity

Question 44

craniosynostosis

Answer 44

premature sutural fusion; brain continues to grow and therefore deforms the skull