Neurodevelopmental Disorders Flashcards
This condition usually begins in infancy; people with it have low intelligence that causes them to need special help coping with life. They have difficulty with cognitive tasks and cognitive impairment. Affected in multiple life areas.
Intellectual disability
Severity level: IQ Mild: ~50-70; 85% of patients Moderate: ~30-50; 10% of patients Severe: ~20-30; 5% of patients Profound: low 20s down; 2% of patients
Indicates persons nominally ranked in the IQ range of 71-84 who do not have the coping problems associated with intellectual disability
Borderline intellectual functioning
From early childhood, the patient has impaired social interactions and communication and shows stereotyped behaviors and interests.
Autism spectrum disorder
Specify:
{with}{without} accompanying intellectual impairment
{with}{without} accompanying language impairment
Associated with a known medical or genetic condition or environmental factor
Associated with another neurodevelopmental, mental, or behavior disorder
With catatonia
Use when a child under the age of 5 seems to be falling behind developmentally, but you cannot reliably assess the degree
Global developmental delay
Use this category when a child 5 years old or older cannot be reliably assessed, perhaps due to physical or mental impairment
Unspecified intellectual disability
A child’s delay in using spoken and written language is characterized by small vocabulary, grammatically incorrect sentences, and/or trouble understanding words or sentences
Language disorder
Despite adequate vocabulary and the ability to create sentences, these patients have trouble with the practical use of language; their conversational interactions tend to be inappropriate.
Social (pragmatic) communication disorder
The patient has problems producing the sounds of speech, compromising communication. Correct speech develops slowly for the patients age or dialect
Speech sound disorder
The normal fluency of speech is frequently disrupted
Childhood-onset fluency disorder (stuttering)
A child chooses not to talk, expect when alone or with select intimates (DSM-5 classifies as anxiety disorder)
Selective mutism
This may involve problems with reading, math, or written expression
Specific learning disorder
Specific learning disorder with impairment in reading; math
dyslexia; dyscalculia
This z-code is used when a scholastic problem (other than learning disorder) is the focus of treatment
Academic or educational problem
Use for communication problems where you haven’t enough info to make a specific diagnosis.
Unspecified communication disorder
The patient is slow to develop motor coordination; some also have ADHD or learning disorder
Developmental coordination disorder
Begins in early childhood. Patients repeatedly rock, bang their heads, bite themselves, or pick at their own skin or body orifices.
Specificities
Stereotypic movement disorder
Specify:
{with}{without} self-injurious behavior
Mild. symptoms managed behaviorally
Moderate. symptoms require behavior modification and protective measures
Severe. symptoms require continuous watching to avert possible injury
Associated with a known medical or genetic condition, neurodevelopmental disorder, or environmental factor (ID or fetal alcohol syndrome)
Multiple vocal tics (1+) and motor tics (2+) occur frequently throughout the day (longer than 1 year; begin by age 18)
Tourette’s disorder
A patient has either motor OR vocal tics, but NOT both (longer than 1 year; begin by age 18)
Persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic disorder
Motor or vocal tics, or both, in any quantity occur no longer than 1 year (begin by age 18)
Provisional tic disorder
Use one of these categories for tics that do not meet the criteria for any of the other tic and motor disorders
Other or unspecified tic disorder
Patients are hyperactive, impulsive, or inattentive, and often all three (for 6+ months; onset before age 12)
Specificities
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Specify (for the past 6 months):
Predominantly inattentive presentation
Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation
Combined presentation
In partial remission: when the condition persists (into adulthood), enough symptoms may be lost that the full criteria are no longer met but impairment persists
Mild. few symptoms
Moderate. intermediate
Severe. many symptoms, more then required
Use these categories for symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, or inattention that do not meet full criteria for ADHD
Other specified or unspecified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Multiple examples of negativistic behavior persist for at least 6 months
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
A child persistently violates rules or the rights of others
Conduct disorder
