Neurogenic Swallowing Disorders Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the most common cause of neurogenic disorder that results in Dysphagia?
Stroke
With respect to swallowing, what would we see if someone had a stroke in their frontal lobe? (1)
Pre-swallow pooling (lack of swallow initiation)
What might we see if there is a lesion to the cerebellum?
Motor issues
What causes flaccidity?
LMN lesions
What nerve damage causes spasticity?
Bilateral UNN damage
What would a unilateral UMN lesion cause?
Problems with the lower half of the face.
List the swallowing impairments seen in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. (7)
*Mostly motor impairments:
1) oral motor issues
2) reduced velopharyngeal seal
3) BOT to PPW approx
4) epiglottic deflection
5) hyolaryngeal excursion
6) pharyngeal constriction
7) UES opening
*Some sensory impairments depending on nerve affected.
List the swallowing impairments in a patient with myasthenia gravis (2)
*LMN disease
1) flaccidity in specific motor movements.
2) general fatigue of muscles
Parkinson’s Disease
Affects on swallowing (11)
- Movement disorder (voluntary & autonomic) causes by the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra in the subcortical region.
- Cognitive & mood also affected
- Symptoms include:
1) Resting tremor
2) Rigidity (stiffness)
3) Bradykinesia = slowness of movement —> Hyokinetic Dysarthria
4) Postural impairments - affects coordination & balance - Swallowing deficits include: [oral & pharyngeal]
1) Poor lip closure
2) Lingual tremor
3) Repetitive lingual pumping*
4) Drooling
5) Oral residue
6) Piecemeal deglutition
7) Poor velopharyngeal seal
8) Delayed swallow initiation/reflex
9) Vallecular & pyriform residue*
10) Penetration/Aspiration - silent aspiration is a concern
11) Reduced hyolaryngeal excursion
What is the Prognosis of Dysphagia in patients with PD?
PD is a progressive disease and therefore —> ability to swallow worsens over time.
