Neurologic Mechanisms of movement

Question 1

Movement is coordination of:

Answer 1

CNS and PNS sensory, motor, and proprioceptive information with muscle and joint movements to perform a desired motor action.

Question 2

Movement depends on ability to use feedback to:

Answer 2

1. Process sensory information
2. Select a motor plan
3. Execute the selected motor plan
4. Assess the motor plans effectiveness
5. Modify the plan to achieve a specific motor goal.

Question 2

What does movement involve?

Answer 2

The interpretation of and appropriate response to sensory information

Question 3

How does the Motor system operate?

Answer 3

1. Neural activity with a decision made in the anterior part of the Frontal Lobe.
2. Next Motor planning areas are activated, followed by control circuits.
3. Control circuits, consisting of the cerbellum and basal ganglia, regulate the activity in motor tract neurons.
4. Motor tract neurons deliver signals to spinal interneurons and motor neurons
5. Lower motor neurons (LMNs) transmit the signal directly to skeletal muscles (elicits contraction of muscle fibers)

Question 4

This part of the motor cortex orients the body and readies postural muscles in anticipation of upcoming movements and primarly serves muscles of the trunk and shoulder girdle

Answer 4

Premotor Area (PMA)

Question 4

Name three possible regions are involved in preparing for movement:

Answer 4

1. Premotor area
2. Supplementary motor area
3. Brocas area

Question 5

This part of the motor cortex orients the yes and head; also plans bimanual and sequential movements.

Answer 5

Supplemental Motor Area (SMA)

Question 5

This motor area selects motor programs based on remebered sequences of movements.

Answer 5

Supplemental Motor Area (SMA)

Question 6

This part of the motor cortex is usually in the frontal lobe of left hemisphere only.

Apart of the motor speech area.

Regulates breathing patterns and vocalizations required for normal speech.

Answer 6

Broca’s Area

Question 7

The ability to conceptualize, plan, and organize movements to complete a motor task.

Answer 7

Praxis

Question 8

What does praxis involve?

Answer 8

1. Generating an idea of what you want to do (ideation)
2. figuring out how you were going to do it (Ideomotor planning)
3. Doing what you want to do (execution).