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NURS 252 > Neurological Assessment > Flashcards

Neurological Assessment Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Broca’s Area

A

involved in the expressive aspects of spoken aspects of spoken and written language

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2
Q

Lateral & Anterior Sponothalmic Tract

A

carries sensations of pain, temperature, crude or light touch- cross the spinal column

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3
Q

Posterior Spinothalmic Columns

A

carries information about fine touch, position

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4
Q

Extrapyramidal Tracts

A

maintain muscle tone and gross movements

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5
Q

Corticospinal Fibres

A

mediate voluntary movement

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6
Q

Screening Neurological Exam

A
  • cranial nerves
  • motor system
  • sensory system
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7
Q

Complete Neurological Exam

A
  • mental health
  • cranial nerves
  • motor system
  • sensory system
  • reflexes
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8
Q

Neurological Recheck Exam

A
  • LOC
  • motor function
  • pupillary response
  • vital signs
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9
Q

Levels of Stimulus When Assessing Arousal

A
  1. Name called in normal tone of voice
  2. Name called in loud voice
  3. light touch
  4. Vigorous shake on the shoulder
  5. Pain applied
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10
Q

Somnolent

A

sleepy; drowsy

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11
Q

Obtunded

A

a state similar to lethargy in which the patient has a lessened interest in the environment, slowed responses to stimulation, and tends to sleep more than normal with drowsiness in between sleep states.

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12
Q

Decorticate Posture

A
  • arms up at chest
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13
Q

Decerebrate Posture

A
  • arm down by sides
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14
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Stroke

A 
-loss of strength 
numbness in the face, arm, or leg 
-difficulty speaking or understanding 
-confusion
-trouble with vision, even if temporary 
-severe and unusual headache 
-loss of balance, especially with any of the above signs 
F- Face (one side of the face is drooping) 
A- Arms (arm weakness) 
S- Speech (speech difficulty) 
T- Time (time to call for ambulance)
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15
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A
  • olfactory
  • smell
  • sensory
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16
Q

Cranial Nerve II

A
  • optic
  • vision
  • sensory
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17
Q

Cranial Nerve III

A
  • oculomotor
  • eye movement
  • pupil reflex
  • motor
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18
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A
  • trochlear
  • eye movement
  • motor
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19
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A
  • trigeminal
  • face sensation
  • chewing
  • both
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20
Q

Cranial Nerve VI

Study These Flashcards
A
  • abducens
  • look side to side
  • motor
21
Q

Cranial Nerve VII

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A
  • facial
  • taste
  • both
22
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII

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A
  • vestibulococular
  • hearing
  • equilibrium
  • sensory
23
Q

Cranial Nerve IX

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A
  • glossopharyngeal
  • taste (back of tongue)
  • speech
  • both
24
Q

Cranial Nerve X

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A
  • vagus
  • slowed heart rate
  • digestion
  • defecation
  • both
25
Cranial Nerve XI
- spinal accessory - shoulder shrug - motor
26
Cranial Nerve XII
- hypoglossal - tongue movement - motor
27
Documenting Reflex Arc 4-0
``` 4+- very brisk, hyperactive with clonus 3+- brisker than average, may indicate disease 2+- average, normal 1+- diminished , low normal 0+ noresponse ```
28
Reflex C5-C6
- bicep | - brachioradialis
29
Reflex C7-C8
tricep
30
Reflex L5-S2
achilles
31
Reflex T8-T12
abdominal
32
Reflex L1-L2
testicle
33
Reflex L4-S2
planter flexion of the toes
34
Optical Blink Reflex
2, 3, 4,6
35
Rooting and Sucking Reflex
5 | - disappears after 3 months
36
Facial Movements
7
37
Swallowing/Gagging
9, 10
38
Pinch Nose, Mouth Opens, Tongue Rises
12
39
Landau Reflex
when held in horizontal prone position= maintain a convex arc with the head raised and legs slightly flexed - reflex appears at 3 months
40
Tonic Neck
turning to sound at 3-6 months
41
Moro Reflex
tree hugger startle reflex disappears by 4 months, put arms up
42
Tests Not Tested in Children Under 6
- Sterognosis - Graphaesthesia - 2 point discrimination - sensory pain
43
Normal Changes After 65
- loss of sensation of vibration at the ankle | - loss of ankle jerk
44
Brudzinski's Sign
neck stiffness causes a patient's hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed.
45
Kernig's Sign
positive when the thigh is flexed at the hip and knee at 90 degree angles, and subsequent extension in the knee is painful
46
Cushing's Triad
- huge gap - irregular resps - increased HR
47
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
- age - gender - low birth rate - race/ethnicity - genetic factors
48
Modifiable Risk Factors
- poor diet - chronic and acute infections - exposure to pesticides - stress - heavy medal toxicity
49
Stroke Risk Factors
- CV disease - Hypertension - cigarette smoking - diabetes - atrial fibrillation - dyslipidemia - physical inactivity - obesity&fat distribution

NURS 252 (11 decks)

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