Neurology - Cortical organisation and function

Question 1

How are areas of the cortex classified?

Answer 1

52 regions based on cytoarchitecture - cell size, spacing or packing density and layers

Question 2

Primary motor cortex

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Primary somatosensory coretx

Answer 3

123

Behind central sulcus

Question 4

Frontal lobe functions?

Answer 4

Language
Cognitive functions (executive function - planning and decision-making) Regulate and initiate motor function, Attention
Memory

Question 5

Parietal lobe functions?

Answer 5

Sensation - pain, touch
Sensory aspects of language
Spatial orientation
Self-perception

Question 6

Occipital lobe

Answer 6

Process visual information

Question 7

Temporal lobe

Answer 7

Processing auditory information
Emotions
Memories

Memories formed in structures within temporal lobes

Question 8

Limbic lobe

Answer 8

Learning
Memory
Emotion
Motivation
reward

Question 9

Insular cortex functions

Answer 9

Visceral sensation
Autonomic control
Interoception
Auditory processing
Visual-vestibular integration

Question 10

White matter tracts

Answer 10

Connect cortical areas

Question 11

Association fibres

Answer 11

within same hemisphere

Question 12

Commisural fibres

Answer 12

homologous structures in L/R hemispheres

Question 13

Projection fibres

Answer 13

Cortex to lower brain structures e.g. thalamus, spinal cord

Question 14

Association fibre types

example

Answer 14

Short and long

Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus - frontal and occipital

Question 15

Commisural fibre example?

Answer 15

Corpus callosum

Question 16

Projection fibre tracts

Answer 16

Afferent and efferent (to cortex)

Question 17

Where do projection fibres travel?

Question 18

Where do projection fibres converge?

Answer 18

Internal capsule

Question 19

Primary cortices?

Question 20

Secondary/association cortices

Question 21

Frontal lobe - primary motor cortex

Question 22

Frontal lobe - premotor area

Question 23

Frontal lobe - supplementary area

Question 24

Parietal lobe - Primary somatosensory cortex

Question 25

Occipital lobe - primary visual cortex

Question 26

Visual association cortex

Question 27

Prefrontal cortex

Question 28

Broca's area

Question 29

Wernicke's area

Question 30

Causes of cortical lesions

Question 31

Parietal lobe lesion

Answer 31

Contralateral neglect - lack of self-awareness and extra personal space awareness

Question 32

Temporal lobe lesion

Answer 32

Agnosia

Question 33

Broca's area lesion

Question 34

Wernicke's area lesion

Answer 34

Aphasia

Question 35

Primary visual cortex lesion | Primary

Question 36

Visual association area lesion

Question 37

EEG

Answer 37

measures electrical signals produced by brain

Question 38

MEG

Question 39

tDCS

Question 40

DTI

Answer 40

Diffusion tensir imaging based on osmosis

Question 41

DTI with tractographs

Answer 41

3D reconstruction