neuromuscular disease

Question 1

neuro pathway disorder

Answer 1

spinal cord injury
MS
ALS

Question 2

neuromuscular junction disorder

Answer 2

MS
botulism poising
organophosphate poising

Question 3

musclar function

Answer 3

muscular dystrophy

myotonic dystrophy

Question 4

how these cause restrictive lung disease?

Answer 4

interrupt the lungs function as a pump and patient can’t get air in
these disease may result in respiratory failure

Question 5

central sleep apnea

Answer 5

these patient stop breathing when they sleep
characteristic of no muscle activity during the apneic period
thought to be a defect in the central respiratory system

Question 6

primary alveolar hypoventilation

Answer 6

these patient have low ventilation during waking and sleep hours:poor ventilator drive
can voluntary lower their paco2 levels:

Question 7

spinal cord injury

Answer 7

c1-c2 keep the diaphragm alive.
any trauma or severing of nerves fiber can impair the respiratory muscle function
higher the spinal cord injury the worse the affect

Question 8

multiple sclerosis

Answer 8

a disease by the demyelination of nerve fivers of the brain and spinal cord
can affect the nerve of ventilation

Question 9

polio

Answer 9

destroy the motor neuron in the anterior horn of spinal cord

Question 10

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer 10

progressive neurologic disease with loss of motor function including respiratory muscle
very slow 2 to 7 years
resp.failure in 3-4 years

Question 11

guillain barre syndrome

Answer 11

idiopathic inflammation of the nerve
usually reverse in several weeks to mounts
most patient hx are positive for an upper illness 1-2 weeks prior to symptom onset
most patient experience a progressive ascending paralysis
csf protient >100 md/dL are diagnostic

Question 12

myasthenia gravis

Answer 12

destroy the acetylcholine receptor on the muscle
usually present with weakness in muscle
will reverse with symptoms for 20 to 30 sec
might need respire. support with a bag

Question 13

botulism poising

Answer 13

the toxin cause the nerve to not release acetycholine and the neuromuscular junction
tends to have fairly rapid progression 7-14 days
high degrees of suspicion require to diagnose it
mimic other neuromuscular problem
appropriate antibiotic therapy can salvage these patient

Question 14

organophosphate

Answer 14

blocks the breakdown of acetychline causing spasm tetany and reap. failure

Question 15

muscular dystrophy and myotinic dystrophy

Answer 15

progressive weaking of muscle

Question 16

PFT

Answer 16

decrease vc
decrease mip
increase rate and decrease in vt

Question 17

during mech. ventilation

Answer 17

use scrupulous care to prevent pneumonias or prophylactically treat
most common cause of death in these groups of patients
use range of motion exercise to keep joins limber
very important for weaning and rehab if possible

Question 18

guillain-barre syndrome

Answer 18

support in nature most cause resolve 90%
plasmapherases is helpful in resolution
prevent pneumonia

Question 19

myasthenia graves

Answer 19

use of anti cholinesterase medication(neostigmine)
allow acetycholine transmission
carefully follow the patients

Question 20

ALS

Answer 20

supportive care

fatal disease with a very guarded outcome

Question 21

spinal cord injuries

Answer 21

supportive in nature

nerves will not regenerate