Neuron and Brain

Question 1

Axon

Answer 1

Transports the info

Question 2

Soma

Answer 2

Keeps neurons healthy

Question 3

Dendrites

Answer 3

Receive the info

Question 4

Myelin Sheath

Answer 4

Protects the axon

Question 5

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 5

Gaps between Myelin Sheath

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

Heart of cell body (soma)

Question 7

Axon Terminals

Answer 7

Send info on

Question 8

Resting Potential

Answer 8

Neuron is waiting to fire

Question 9

Action Potential

Answer 9

Neuron is firing

Question 10

Threshold

Answer 10

Level of stimulation needed to fire

Question 11

Depolarization

Answer 11

Positive ions mix with negative in axon

Question 12

All or Nothing Response

Answer 12

Fires or doesn’t

Question 13

Refractory Period

Answer 13

Positive ions go back outside axon

Question 14

Strength of Signal

Answer 14

How many neurons fire

Question 15

Sensory Nerves

Answer 15

Send sensory information to brain/spine

Question 16

Interneurons

Answer 16

Process the information (brain and spinal cord)

Question 17

Motor Nerves

Answer 17

Send info to body about movement

Question 18

Neurotransmitters

Answer 18

Chemical messengers for neurons

Question 19

Antagonist (inhibitory effect)

Answer 19

Blocks neurotransmitters, neuron less likely to fire

Question 20

Agonist (excitatory effect)

Answer 20

Mimic neurotransmitters, neuron more likely to fire

Question 21

Central Nervous System

Answer 21

Brain and spinal cord (interneurons)

Question 22

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 22

Everything else in the body (sensory/motor neurons)

Question 23

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 23

Controls voluntary movements

Question 24

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 24

Controls autonomic body functions

Question 25

Sympathetic Division

Answer 25

Amps you up (fight or flight)

Question 26

Parasympathetic Division

Answer 26

Calms you down (rest and digest)

Question 27

Endocrine System

Answer 27

Glands release hormones into the bloodstream

Question 28

Hormones

Answer 28

Chemical messengers for gland

Question 29

Pituitary Gland

Answer 29

Controls other glands

Question 30

CAT/CT Scan

Answer 30

Series of X-rays, takes 2-D images of brain

Question 31

MRI

Answer 31

Use magnetic field to create 3-D image of brain

Question 32

EEG

Answer 32

Amplified recording of neurons firing

Question 33

PET Scan

Answer 33

Eat radioactive sugar to measure brain activity in specific parts

Question 34

Brainstem

Answer 34

Responsible for automatic survival functions

Question 35

Medulla

Answer 35

Controls heartbeat and breathing

Question 36

Reticular Formation

Answer 36

Wakefulness and arousal

Question 37

Thalamus

Answer 37

The brain’s sensory switchboard

Question 38

Cerebellum

Answer 38

Controls voluntary movements and balance

Question 39

Limbic System

Answer 39

Helps regulate maintenance activities

Question 40

Hypothalamus

Answer 40

Eating, drinking, arousal, and body temp

Question 41

Hippocampus

Answer 41

New memories for storage

Question 42

Amygdala

Answer 42

Controls emotional responses

Question 43

The Cerebral Cortex

Answer 43

Wrinkly outer part of brain. Responsible for higher-order thinking.

Question 44

Frontal Lobe

Answer 44

Involved in making plans and judgments

Question 45

Parietal Lobe

Answer 45

General association area

Question 46

Occipital Lobe

Answer 46

Processes vision

Question 47

Temporal Lobe

Answer 47

Processes hearing

Question 48

Motor Cortex

Answer 48

Voluntary movements

Question 49

Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 49

Processing body sensations

Question 50

Left Hemisphere

Answer 50

Controls right side of the body (language and logic)

Question 51

Right Hemisphere

Answer 51

Controls left side of body (artistic, creative, and visual)

Question 52

Longitudinal Fissure

Answer 52

Separates the 2 hemispheres

Question 53

Corpus Callosum

Answer 53

Connects the 2 hemispheres, allows them to communicate