Neuron physiology Flashcards
(43 cards)
How do pre and post -synaptic talk to neurons?
The pre-synaptic talks to the post synaptic neurons by using a transmitter
What is the effect of the pre/post synaptic neurons?
Results in the change of the membrane potential of the post synaptic neuron.
What is the resting membrane potential
neurons have a resting potential of -70mV
What does it mean to have -70mV?
The charges inside the cell are 70mV more negative than outside the cell.
What is in the inside of the cell
K+
What is outside the cell
Cl- ,Ca++, Na+
If a channel is opened which way will the ions travel
K+ will try to move to the outside
Cl-, Ca++, Na+ will try to move to the inside of the cell
Why is the cell more negative in the inside
Large negative molecules
Na+/K+ pumps
Permeability to the membranes of K+
What is excitability or irritability
Membrane potentials change in response to input from other neurons in their environment
what is an Ion current
The flow of ions
What is chemical gradient
Combination of concentration gradient and attraction to opposite charges.
What causes the changes in in permeability to certain ions
Ion Channels open
What is polarized
a neuron at rest
What is depolatization
when the inside of the cell increases (less negative)
What is repolarization
a return to resting potential
What is hyperpolarization
inside the cell decreases beyond rest (-90mV)
Changes in membrane potential can be recorded
Oscilloscope
When does Depolarization occur
when positive ions enter cell (Na+/Ca++)
When does re/hyperpolarization occur
when positive ions leave cell( K+)/ negative (-ions)(Cl-) enter cell
What is depolarization of the cell
excitatory/stimulatory
What is Hyperpolarization of the cell
inhibitory
What are the not gated
always open “leaky”
- contribute to Rest Po
- everywhere on neuron
Ligand-gated
when a neurotransmitter binds
-found on Dendrites
Voltage gated-
open and close when membrane potentials are reached
-(axon hillock and node or ranvier) Na+ or K+
