Neuronal responses

Question 1

Function of the nervous system

Answer 1

Allows animals and humans to take in information from the environment which will influence the responses they make

Question 2

What is the nervous system made up of

Answer 2

Nerve cells

Question 3

What is a nerve cells purpose

Answer 3

To carry information in the form of electrical signals

Question 4

How are stimuli detected

Answer 4

By receptor cells

Question 5

What is sent from the receptor to the nervous system

Answer 5

Electrical signals

Question 6

Gives examples of stimuli that may cause a receptor to send an electrical impulse

Answer 6

Light, heat, chemicals, damage, pain

Question 7

Where can receptor cells detect and physical stimulus

Answer 7

Inside or outside the body

Question 8

Where do receptor cells pass the electrical signal to

Answer 8

Sensory nerve cells

Question 9

Where do sensory nerve cells take the electrical signal

Answer 9

Into the nervous system

Question 10

What nerve cell will the signal eventually go to

Answer 10

Effector nerve cells

Question 11

What do effector cells do

Answer 11

bring about the response of the nervous system like making muscles move or releasing chemicals

Question 12

Sensory receptors work together in groups called ….

Answer 12

Sensory organs

Question 13

Give an example of a sensory organ

Answer 13

The eye contains a range of different light receptors working together to carry out vision

Question 14

What does the CNS compose of

Answer 14

Brain and spinal cord

Question 15

What do all neurones have

Answer 15

• Dendron’s which branch into dendrites
• Cell body which contains nucleus and other organelles
• Axon
• Synapses

Question 16

What is the function of dendrites

Answer 16

They receive signals

Question 17

Function of cell body

Answer 17

Carries out normal functions of the cell like protein synthesis

Question 18

Function of axon

Answer 18

Carries electrical signals away from the cell body to the synapses

Question 19

Function of synapses

Answer 19

Lie at end of the axon and pass electrical signal onto next cell

Question 20

Function of sensory neurones

Answer 20

Take information from a receptor and pass it on to the CNS

Question 21

Where is the cell body in a sensory neurone

Answer 21

In the middle with Dendron’s extending out of one side and axon extending out the other

Question 22

What is the function of relay neurones

Answer 22

Carry electrical signals between neurones from sensory neurone to motor neurone

Question 23

What key features do relay neurones have

Answer 23

Highly branched dendrites and axons

Question 24

Where can motor neurones receive signals from

Answer 24

Relay or sensory neurones

Question 25

What is the function of motor neurones

Answer 25

They contact effectors, which are cells that carry out the nervous systems responses

Question 26

What tissues can effector cells be in

Answer 26

Muscles or glands

Question 27

What are sensory receptors

Answer 27

Specialised cells in the nervous system that detect physical stimuli

Question 28

How do sensory receptors create the electrical signal

Answer 28

By turning energy in the environment into electrical energy

Question 29

If sensory receptors turn energy from the environment into electrical signal what are they called

Answer 29

Energy transducers

Question 30

Define energy transducers

Answer 30

Cells that convert one form of energy into another

Question 31

Give an example of a sensory receptor being an energy transducer

Answer 31

Light receptors in the eye turn light energy (stimuli) into electrical signals

Question 32

What is the electrical signal created by sensory receptors called

Answer 32

Generator potential

Question 33

Define generator potential

Answer 33

The depolarisation of the membrane of a receptor cell

Question 34

Receptor cell vs receptor

Answer 34

Receptor are proteins on cell surfaces that detect chemical signals outside the cell where as a receptor cells are whole cells in the nervous system that detect stimuli they do have receptors on them

Question 35

Give an example of receptor cells and receptors with taste buds

Answer 35

Taste receptor cells in the mouth have receptors that detect the chemical that makes chillies hot